How to Read the Speedometer on an Alphard?

Is it correct not to release the brake pedal when ABS is active?

It is correct not to release the brake pedal when ABS is active; instead, you should firmly press the brake pedal. The Anti-lock Braking System, abbreviated as ABS, functions by automatically controlling the braking force during vehicle braking to prevent wheel lock-up, keeping the wheels in a state of rolling and sliding (with a slip ratio of around 20%), ensuring maximum adhesion between the wheels and the road surface. Here is an introduction to the ABS system: 1. Working Principle: During braking, ABS quickly determines the lock-up state of each wheel based on speed signals from wheel speed sensors. It closes the normally open input solenoid valve for the wheel that begins to lock, maintaining the braking force. If the wheel continues to lock, the normally closed output solenoid valve is opened, causing the braking pressure on that wheel to drop rapidly due to the direct connection to the brake fluid reservoir, preventing the wheel from fully locking due to excessive braking force. This keeps the braking state at the optimal point (slip ratio of 20%), achieving the best braking effect and ensuring driving safety. 2. Limitations: The ABS system itself has limitations and cannot completely overcome certain physical laws. In two scenarios, ABS cannot provide the shortest braking distance. One is on smooth dry roads when braking is performed by an experienced driver. The other is when braking on loose gravel, loose soil, or deep snow-covered roads. Additionally, on dry roads, the latest ABS systems can control the slip ratio within a range of 5% to 20%, but not all ABS systems operate at the same rate or to the same degree during braking. Although a four-wheel anti-lock braking system can enable the vehicle to brake within the shortest possible distance, if braking is initiated too late and the vehicle cannot come to a complete stop before colliding with an obstacle, the system cannot prevent the accident.

120

Share

Should You Engage First Gear or Reverse Gear When Parking on a Slope?

When parking on an uphill slope, engage first gear; when parking on a downhill slope, engage reverse gear. Below is a partial introduction to parking a car on an uphill slope: 1. The role of gear engagement: It utilizes the engine's resistance to help the vehicle better perform its parking brake function. Since first gear and reverse gear are the two gears with the largest transmission ratios in the car's transmission, and also the two gears with the smallest transmission ratios when power is reversed, using first gear and reverse gear for engine parking braking provides the maximum braking force and the best braking effect. 2. Gear shifting technique: Always remember the principle of "accelerate before upshifting, decelerate before downshifting" when shifting gears. Before upshifting, "rev" the throttle to increase the speed first; before downshifting, "release" the throttle to reduce the speed first.

106

Share

ABS Vehicle Stability Control Malfunction

ABS Vehicle Stability Control Malfunction causes are as follows: 1. ABS wheel speed sensor issues: Wheel speed sensors are easily contaminated by dirt and mud, which can affect the transmission of speed signals. 2. Wiring connection faults: Due to differences in manufacturing processes, assembly quality, and materials, loose connections in wheel speed sensor wiring are relatively common. 3. ABS control unit programming problems: It's likely due to mismatched or incorrect data within the control unit. Solutions for ABS system malfunctions: 1. ABS wheel speed sensor issues: Clean dirt from the sensor and adjust the gap between the sensor and the signal ring. If the wheel speed sensor is damaged, replacement is the only option. 2. Wiring connection faults: Troubleshooting wiring can be tedious, so patience is required. It's best to check each connector, including the contact condition of relevant fuses and the grounding of earth wires. 3. ABS control unit programming problems: Special diagnostic equipment is needed to readjust data or replace the unit. However, this type of fault is rare. Some vehicles may allow simple repairs, such as reattaching broken solder joints.

102

Share

How to Drive an Automatic Car?

Automatic car driving steps are: After inserting the key for a few seconds, do not start the engine immediately, as it may cause damage to the car. At this time, you need to press the brake, then shift the car gear to N, next start the engine, press the foot brake, finally release the handbrake, shift to D gear, and slowly release the foot brake, the car will move forward slowly. Automatic transmission does not require shifting gears while driving, and its advantage over manual transmission is that it is easier to drive. In addition, automatic transmission also includes continuously variable transmission, electronic paddle shift, and electronic gear lever shift. There are three types of transmissions in the market: manual transmission, automatic transmission, and semi-automatic transmission.

105

Share

What is the procedure for driving without a driver's license?

Driving without a driver's license results in temporary vehicle impoundment. Forgetting to bring your driver's license while driving is considered as not carrying the license, not as driving without a license. Not carrying a license is not the same as not having one, but both are traffic violations, with different penalties. Regardless of whether the driver has committed any other traffic violations, they are not allowed to continue driving the vehicle. The traffic management department of the public security authority will impound the vehicle and require the driver to provide their driver's license. The procedure based on the driver's ability to provide the license is as follows: 1. If the driver provides the license and has no other violations while driving, they will receive a warning or a fine, and the vehicle will be promptly returned. 2. If the driver provides the license but has committed other violations while driving, penalties will be imposed based on the violations and the failure to carry the license, and the vehicle will be promptly returned. 3. If the driver fails to provide the license, they will be penalized for driving without a license.

118

Share

How many points are deducted for reversing on the road?

Reversing against the traffic flow results in a deduction of 3 points and a fine of 200 yuan. According to Article 35 of the 'Road Traffic Safety Law of the People's Republic of China': Motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles shall drive on the right side. Vehicles driving against the traffic flow will be fined. Motor vehicles driving in reverse will be penalized with a deduction of 3 points and a fine. Reversing on highways results in a deduction of 12 points and a fine. According to Order No. 123 of the Ministry of Public Security, the point deduction standards for vehicles driving in reverse are as follows: 1. If a motor vehicle driver commits any of the following violations, 12 points will be deducted at once: Driving a motor vehicle in reverse, against the traffic flow, or making a U-turn across the central divider on a highway. 2. If a motor vehicle driver commits any of the following violations, 3 points will be deducted at once: Driving a motor vehicle without overtaking or yielding as required, or driving against the traffic flow. 3. The penalty for driving against the traffic flow as stipulated in Article 90 of the 'Road Traffic Safety Law': If a motor vehicle driver violates the road traffic safety laws and regulations regarding road traffic rules, a warning or a fine of not less than 20 yuan but not more than 200 yuan shall be imposed. If there are other provisions in this Law, the penalties shall be imposed in accordance with those provisions.

112

Share