Hello there! That's a great question, as dealing with antiques can sometimes feel a bit nerve-wracking.
Based on the information, the general answer is yes, you should polish your antique silver. Unlike with old coins where cleaning can destroy the value, many silver collectors actually prefer their pieces to be clean. Antique silver was meant to be used and enjoyed, and a careful polish helps it look its best. More importantly, tarnish is a form of corrosion that can actually damage the silver's surface over time if it's left unchecked.
The key is to do it gently and correctly to preserve what's known as the "patina." It's helpful to know the difference between tarnish and patina. Tarnish is the dull, dark layer that builds up, while patina is the desirable, soft, lustrous sheen the silver gets from centuries of use and handling, including the fine scratches and the darker areas in the crevices that make the details stand out.
To polish it correctly, you should use a good quality, long-term silver polish or foam. Apply it with a soft cloth or cotton wool, not something abrasive like an old toothbrush that could cause scratches. It's strongly recommended that you avoid dip-type cleaners, as they are often too harsh and can strip away that beautiful, desirable patina along with the tarnish. After polishing, give it a good rinse with hot water and dry it immediately with a soft cloth to prevent any water spots.
So, by carefully cleaning your silver, you aren't removing its history; you're simply removing the harmful tarnish and allowing its true character and beauty to shine through.
