What is the working principle of engine braking?

[DelBrantley]

The working principle of engine braking is as follows: 1. The higher the gear, the smaller the gear ratio: Due to the presence of the transmission, different gears have different "gear ratios," and the higher the gear, the smaller the gear ratio. For example: During normal driving, when in first, second, or third gear, the engine turns 100 times while the wheels turn 5, 10, and 20 times respectively. Since the wheel circumference is constant, the higher the gear, the longer the distance covered per unit of time, meaning the faster the speed. 2. The lower the gear, the more noticeable the drag effect: Engine braking utilizes the drag effect of the engine to slow down the vehicle. The lower the gear, the more noticeable the drag effect and the stronger the braking performance. When driving on long downhill roads, shifting into a lower gear and using the engine's drag effect can reduce the burden on the brakes and the frequency of braking, preventing brake overheating and subsequent thermal fade. When driving on snowy or muddy roads, using engine drag braking can help prevent skidding.

[GageMarie]

I often deliver goods on mountain roads, and when encountering steep slopes, I use engine braking to control the speed, which is both safe and saves brake pads. The principle is quite straightforward: when you release the accelerator pedal, the engine's throttle closes, creating a vacuum inside. Compressing the air requires energy, which generates a drag force that slows down the wheels. Especially with a manual transmission, I'm used to downshifting to third or second gear. When the RPM rises, the drag becomes more noticeable, acting like a gentle brake without worrying about overheating the brake pads. This effect is even stronger in diesel vehicles due to their higher compression ratio, providing more stable deceleration. Over time, this not only saves fuel but also reduces brake wear, making it an essential technique for mountain driving.

[OElisa]

As a young enthusiast who loves hands-on car modifications, I find engine braking quite fascinating. When you release the throttle, the engine's intake closes, but the pistons keep working in a low-air environment, making compression harder. This resistance is directly transmitted to the transmission, giving you the sensation of the car slowing down. It's most exhilarating in lower gears of a manual transmission, like when descending a hill in second gear—the RPM rises, resistance increases, almost like an invisible brake pad at work. Diesel engines exhibit this effect more prominently, but gasoline engines also benefit. This method helps protect the braking system, reducing the frequency of replacements. Try it out during spirited driving, and you'll quickly appreciate its brilliance.

[Wyatt]

I've always been attentive to eco-friendly driving techniques, and engine braking is both practical and energy-saving. When you release the accelerator, the engine stops injecting fuel, but inertia keeps it moving. The internal vacuum creates drag resistance to assist deceleration, preventing energy waste. I often use it when driving downhill—not only does it protect the brake pads by reducing wear, but it also improves fuel efficiency by minimizing unnecessary braking. The principle is simple: it's a chain reaction starting from the intake valve closing, increasing resistance during compression. Making a habit of using it can slightly reduce fuel consumption and benefits the environment.

[ColemanDella]

Every day, I drive my kids to and from school, often using engine braking on city slopes. It's simple to operate and highly effective. After releasing the accelerator pedal, the engine's throttle closes, making air compression difficult, which generates a drag force that naturally reduces the vehicle's speed. It's like downshifting in a manual transmission car—higher RPM creates more resistance, allowing for a smooth and gradual deceleration without jerking, which also protects the brake system. This method is much safer than sudden braking, especially reliable when driving in the rain, and it even saves a bit on fuel costs. Beginner drivers should give it a try—once you get used to it, it becomes second nature and makes driving more effortless.