What is the phenomenon of turning the steering wheel?
2 Answers
Turning the steering wheel is a rotational phenomenon, which involves rotation around a fixed point. The steering wheel is generally connected to the steering shaft via splines, and its function is to convert the force applied by the driver on the edge of the steering wheel into torque, which is then transmitted to the steering shaft. Using a larger-diameter steering wheel reduces the hand force required from the driver. Composition of the steering wheel: 1. Frame: The frame is usually made of zinc alloy or aluminum alloy, with some manufacturers experimenting with cheaper and lighter magnesium alloys. The frame is produced through die-casting. A few manufacturers still use steel sheet metal for the frame, resulting in a more complex structure. 2. Foam: The foam material is produced in a foaming machine, with the frame fixed in the machine during production.
That day when I was repairing the car and removing the steering wheel, I explained this principle to my apprentice: When you turn the steering wheel, you're actually operating the steering column. This steel shaft connects to the steering gear, which amplifies the turning force through gears to push the tie rods, ultimately driving the steering knuckle to turn the tires. What's interesting is the ratio between the number of steering wheel rotations and the actual angle the tires turn, which we call the steering ratio. Performance cars are tuned more aggressively, while family cars are relatively slower. If an older car has excessive steering wheel play, it indicates internal gear wear and the need to replace the steering gear. If there's unusual noise or shaking when turning, it's even more urgent to check, as it might mean the ball joint or tie rod is failing.
