What is the Function of a Torque Sensor?
3 Answers
Torque sensor is used to: measure the torque transmitted between the steering wheel and the output shaft of the steering gear, and convert the torque magnitude into a voltage signal sent to the ECU. The torque sensor, also known as a torsion sensor, moment sensor, torque meter, or torque gauge, is categorized into dynamic and static types. As a crucial electronic control component in electric power steering systems, its principle is similar to that of a potentiometer. The two input terminals are connected to the VCC and GND ports of the electronic control unit via circuits, supplying 5V and 0V respectively. The two output terminals of the torque sensor, namely the main torque IN+ and the auxiliary torque IN-, are connected to the ECU through circuits.
A torque sensor in automobiles is primarily a device used to measure torque or torsional force. I often see it playing a significant role in steering systems, such as in Electric Power Steering (EPS), where it detects the force you apply when turning the steering wheel. The system then adjusts the output power of the electric motor accordingly, making driving easier. This not only saves fuel but also enhances the driving experience, especially during turns or parking, by preventing oversteering and potential hazards. Some advanced vehicles also utilize it in engine management and transmission control, monitoring torque changes in real-time to achieve smoother acceleration and braking. Overall, it acts like an invisible assistant, ensuring the vehicle responds efficiently under various road conditions, making it an indispensable part of modern automotive electronics.
After driving for so many years, I find the torque sensor most practical for making daily driving effortless and safe. It operates at the steering wheel, constantly sensing your input force and automatically adjusting the power assistance. For example, when fine-tuning direction on the highway, it responds precisely to prevent body sway; or on mountain roads, it adjusts the assistance strength to help the car move steadily. This device also assists in managing motor output in hybrid models, reducing power interruptions. Every time I drive a new car, its presence makes steering effortless, and long drives no longer leave my hands sore—it's like giving the car a smart brain.
