What is an engine composed of?
4 Answers
An engine consists of two major mechanisms and five major systems. The two major mechanisms are the engine block with the crankshaft and connecting rod mechanism, and the valve train mechanism. The five major systems are the fuel supply system, ignition system (which diesel engines typically lack), cooling system, lubrication system, and starting system. An engine is a machine capable of converting other forms of energy into mechanical energy, including internal combustion engines (reciprocating piston engines), external combustion engines (such as Stirling engines, steam engines, etc.), jet engines, and electric motors. The term 'engine' can refer to either the power-generating device or the entire machine including the power unit, with its original meaning being 'a mechanical device that generates power'.
Having worked in the workshop for a long time, I know that the engine basically uses the cylinder block as its skeleton, with pistons inside. The pistons are connected to the crankshaft, converting their up-and-down motion into rotational power. The camshaft drives the valves to open and close, controlling the intake and exhaust, allowing air and fuel to enter the cylinders. The ignition system, like the spark plugs, is responsible for igniting the explosion, while the fuel system ensures precise fuel injection. The cooling system uses antifreeze to prevent overheating, and the lubrication system relies on engine oil to reduce friction. During routine maintenance, I often see issues with these components, such as worn piston rings or aging spark plugs, which can cause the car to lose power or have difficulty starting. That’s why regular inspections are necessary to ensure everything is functioning properly. Although the structure is simple, every part is indispensable, and all components must work in harmony to drive the car forward.
As a car enthusiast, I've modified several vehicles. The core of an engine is the cylinder block and piston assembly. Pistons move within the cylinder bores, with connecting rods transferring power to the crankshaft. The valvetrain, including camshafts and valves themselves, manages the intake and exhaust cycles. Ignition components like coils and spark plugs ignite the air-fuel mixture, while the fuel system (fuel injectors or carburetors) supplies energy. The cooling system dissipates heat, and the lubrication system reduces friction. Interestingly, many modern engines now incorporate turbochargers for improved efficiency, though the fundamental components remain unchanged. Overall, an engine functions like a heart, with all systems working in harmony; proper maintenance focusing on fluid changes can extend its lifespan and prevent breakdown issues.
I've been driving for twenty years. The main components of an engine are the cylinder block, pistons, and crankshaft. The pistons move inside the cylinders, and the crankshaft rotates to propel the vehicle. The valves control the intake and exhaust, the ignition system provides the spark, and the fuel system supplies the fuel. The cooling and lubrication systems protect the components—cooling relies on antifreeze, while lubrication depends on engine oil. During normal driving, wear and tear on these parts are common. For example, insufficient oil leading to poor lubrication can cause bearing failure. It's recommended that car owners check the oil level, coolant temperature, and spark plug condition monthly. This way, minor issues won't escalate, and the car will run more smoothly and safely.
