What Does the Related Industry Chain of New Energy Vehicles Include?
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New energy-related industry chain includes three parts: upstream materials, midstream components, and downstream terminals. The following is a detailed introduction: Upstream raw materials: Mainly battery materials, divided into four parts: electrolyte, cathode material, anode material, and separator. Their upstream resources are lithium, cobalt mineral resources, and other metals. New energy vehicles currently mainly use lithium batteries, which are mainly composed of four parts: cathode, anode, separator, and electrolyte. During discharge, lithium ions and electrons are extracted from the anode, electrons reach the cathode through the external circuit, while lithium ions enter the cathode through the electrolyte. Lithium ions, cathode materials, and electrons recombine at the cathode to complete current conduction. The separator mainly isolates the cathode and anode to prevent short circuits. Midstream components: Mainly the three core components: battery, motor, and electronic control, as well as other components such as circuit systems, thermal management, and lightweighting. Among them, the battery is the core, including battery cells and the Battery Management System (BMS). Downstream terminals: Mainly complete vehicles, including passenger vehicles and commercial vehicles (the latter includes buses, special-purpose vehicles, and charging facilities such as charging piles and charging stations), as well as derived aftermarket services such as car rental, finance, recycling, etc.
