What does the ABS system mean?
2 Answers
The full name of the automotive ABS is the Anti-lock Braking System (Antilock Brake System). Its function is to automatically control the braking force of the brake during vehicle braking, preventing the wheels from locking up and maintaining a state of rolling and sliding (with a slip ratio of about 20%), ensuring that the adhesion between the wheels and the ground is at its maximum. Classification of ABS: ABS is mainly classified based on channels. In ABS, the brake pipelines that can independently adjust brake pressure are called control channels. The control channels of ABS devices are divided into four-channel, three-channel, two-channel, and one-channel types. One-channel ABS: Also known as single-channel ABS, it involves setting up a brake pressure regulator in the rear wheel brake master pipe and installing a wheel speed sensor on the rear axle differential (or one on each rear wheel). Two-channel ABS: This type of ABS is difficult to balance in terms of directional stability, steering control, and braking efficiency, and is rarely used today. Three-channel ABS: It independently controls the two front wheels, while the two rear wheels are controlled together based on the low-select principle (i.e., both wheels are controlled by one channel to ensure the wheel with less adhesion does not lock up), also known as mixed control. Four-channel ABS: It has four wheel speed sensors, with a brake pressure regulator device installed in the pipelines leading to the four wheel brake cylinders, enabling independent control and forming a four-channel control configuration.
The ABS system, short for Anti-lock Braking System, is essentially that mechanism preventing your wheels from completely locking up during hard braking. I've seen countless repair cases where it works by using sensors to constantly monitor each wheel's rotation speed. When it detects a wheel about to lock, the system instantly releases brake pressure and then quickly reapplies it, maintaining wheel rotation through rapid pulsing – much like cadence braking – to prevent skidding or loss of control. It's particularly effective on rainy/snowy days or slippery surfaces, significantly reducing accidents. Some experienced drivers mistakenly believe you should stomp on the brakes, but don't be alarmed if the pedal vibrates when ABS activates – that's normal. Regular checks of the ABS pump and sensors are recommended to avoid malfunction warnings causing delays.
