What Are the Reasons for Not Being Able to Remove a Car Spark Plug?
3 Answers
Spark plugs may not come off if the wrong tools are used or if the force is applied incorrectly. If the spark plug cannot be removed, using an extended wrench usually solves the problem. Applying more force might break the ceramic part, in which case professional help from a repair shop is needed. Turn according to the torque; if it doesn't move, back off and check if the threads are misaligned to avoid breaking the spark plug or damaging the cylinder head by applying excessive force. What are spark plugs made of: Spark plugs mainly consist of a terminal nut, insulator, terminal stud, center electrode, side electrode, and shell. How spark plugs work Under high voltage, the air between the center electrode and the side electrode of the spark plug rapidly ionizes, forming positively charged ions and negatively charged free electrons. When the voltage between the electrodes reaches a certain level, the number of ions and electrons in the gas increases like an avalanche, causing the air to lose its insulating properties and forming a discharge channel, resulting in a 'breakdown' phenomenon. At this point, the gas becomes a luminous body, known as a 'spark.' Along with thermal expansion, a 'crackling' sound is also produced. The temperature of this electric spark can reach 2000-3000°C, sufficient to ignite the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of the cylinder.
I've seen this a lot when repairing cars. There are several main reasons why spark plugs can't be unscrewed: The most common one is that they were tightened too much last time—some beginners are afraid they'll come loose, so they tighten them excessively. Another reason is carbon buildup jamming them, especially in older cars that have been driven for seven or eight years; carbon deposits in the spark plug hole can clog the threads. Then there's corrosion, particularly in coastal areas or places where de-icing agents are used in the north. The different expansion rates of aluminum cylinder heads and spark plug metals make them prone to seizing. Improper operation also plays a role—removing them when the engine is hot makes them most likely to get stuck. I always wait until the engine is completely cool before working on it. Using the wrong tools can also be problematic; socket wrenches can slip if worn out. If you encounter this situation, don't force it. First, spray a penetrating agent like WD-40 and let it soak for half an hour, then gently tap to create vibration and slowly try to unscrew it. If that still doesn't work, you might need to use a reverse-thread extractor, or in the worst case, replace the cylinder head.
Last month, I got stuck changing the spark plugs myself and spent two hours struggling to get them out. The main issue was that the mechanic from the last service had tightened them too much, and no matter how hard I tried this time, they wouldn’t budge. I also noticed an important detail: when I pulled out the ignition coils, some engine oil came out with them, indicating that the valve cover gasket is leaking and the sludge had cemented the spark plug threads. Additionally, my car hadn’t had its spark plugs changed in ten years, and carbon buildup at the bottom had hardened and jammed the threads. The tools were also a problem—the cheap socket wrench I bought online couldn’t provide enough leverage, and I eventually had to borrow a neighbor’s extended torque wrench to get the job done. The biggest fear was forcing it and breaking the ceramic insulator, which could send fragments into the cylinder and cause major trouble. My advice is to do this when the engine is cold, clean any dirt around the ignition coils first, and spray some penetrating oil to loosen things up.
