What are the functions of the lubrication system?
3 Answers
The functions of the lubrication system: 1. Lubrication: Engine oil forms an oil film between moving parts, reducing friction resistance and power loss; 2. Cooling: The fluidity of engine oil carries away part of the heat from engine components, preventing overheating and damage; 3. Cleaning: Circulating engine oil carries away metal particles generated during engine operation, preventing the formation of abrasives between parts that could increase wear; 4. Sealing: The viscosity of engine oil allows it to adhere to the surfaces of moving parts, improving sealing effectiveness and reducing air leakage; 5. Anti-rust: The lubricating oil film adheres to metal surfaces, separating air and water, providing anti-rust and anti-corrosion effects.
The core function of the lubrication system is akin to infusing protective fluid into the engine's vascular system. It forms an oil film between metal components to reduce friction and wear—for instance, the crankshaft and bearings rely entirely on engine oil to separate them during high-speed operation. Cooling is another critical role, as the intense heat generated by piston friction is dissipated by the oil; without this, cylinder scoring could occur in minutes. The circulating oil also carries away metal shavings and sludge, preventing oil passage blockages. In terms of sealing, the oil film fills the gaps between piston rings and cylinder walls, improving compression efficiency and naturally optimizing fuel consumption. Additionally, it prevents rust and corrosion on metal parts, extending the engine's lifespan. A reminder: regularly change engine oil and filters, as excessive sludge buildup can compromise even the most expensive engines.
Dry running an engine is absolutely unacceptable! Last time I saw someone forget to add oil before starting, it started smoking within ten minutes. The primary task of the lubrication system is to prevent metal-on-metal contact. Crankshaft bearings rotate dozens of times per second—without an oil film for protection, they’d be ruined instantly. I always compare engine oil to the 'blood transport team' of the engine—its continuous flow carries away over 60% of friction heat, reducing piston crown temperatures from 300°C to a manageable range. More crucially, it absorbs acidic byproducts and carbon deposits from combustion, minimizing cylinder wall corrosion. Ever seen an old car’s drain plug covered in metal shavings? That’s undeniable proof of failed oil cleaning function. By the way, new car owners should note that low-viscosity oils like 0W-20 can save 5% fuel—less resistance in the oil pump naturally reduces effort.
