What are the components of an electronic steering system?
2 Answers
Electronic steering systems are primarily composed of two main parts: sensors and actuators. In an electric four-wheel steering system, both the front and rear wheel steering mechanisms are electrically assisted. There are no mechanical linkages or hydraulic pipelines between the two steering mechanisms, allowing direct control of the front and rear wheel steering. This system offers advantages such as precise control of the steering angle relationship between front and rear wheels, high degree of control freedom, and simple mechanical structure. The following is an introduction to four-wheel steering systems: 1. There are two main types of four-wheel steering: same-phase steering, where the rear wheels turn in the same direction as the front wheels; and opposite-phase steering, where the rear wheels turn in the opposite direction to the front wheels. 2. The purpose is to improve the vehicle's operational stability during high-speed driving or under lateral wind forces, enhance maneuverability at low speeds, and reduce the turning radius in parking lots.
I work in auto repair, and the electronic power steering system mainly consists of the steering wheel, steering column, torque sensor (measuring how hard you turn the wheel), electronic control unit (a small computer), electric motor (helping you turn the wheels effortlessly), and reduction gears. These components work together—the computer calculates your steering intent and speed changes in real-time, and the motor provides assistance, making driving much easier. Compared to old hydraulic systems, it's more energy-efficient and reliable, with no oil leaks. I’ve also seen some vehicles integrate stability control, linking sensors to the steering system for added safety. Over time, you might encounter motor noise or reduced sensitivity, so regularly check for loose connectors. Overall, this design aligns with the trend of electric vehicle development, saving space and extending battery life.
