Putting a car in your name, a process known as titling and registration, is a straightforward but crucial administrative task. The core steps involve obtaining the signed title from the seller, completing necessary paperwork, getting the car insured, and visiting your local Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) or equivalent agency. You'll need to pay applicable taxes and fees to finalize the transfer. The exact requirements and costs can vary significantly by state.
The most critical document is the certificate of title. When buying from a private seller, ensure the seller has properly signed the title in the designated "seller" or "transfer" section. The odometer reading must also be accurately recorded. If there's a lien (loan) on the car, the lienholder must be paid off and provide a lien release before the title can be transferred. If the title is lost, the seller must apply for a duplicate before the sale can proceed.
Beyond the title, you will typically need:
- Bill of Sale: While not always mandatory, this document details the sale price, which is used to calculate sales tax. It also serves as a receipt for both parties.
- Proof of Insurance: You must have at least the state-minimum liability insurance coverage for the vehicle before you can register it.
- Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) Inspection: Some states require a VIN inspection, often done at the DMV or by law enforcement, to verify the car's identity and that it isn't stolen.
- Smog/Safety Certificate: Certain states require a recent emissions or safety inspection certificate, especially for older vehicles.
At the DMV, you'll submit these documents, complete an application for title and registration, and pay the required fees. These generally include sales tax, title transfer fee, registration fee, and plate fees. Once processed, you'll receive a new registration card and license plates, and your new title will be mailed to you shortly after.
| State | Estimated Title Transfer Fee | Typical Sales Tax | Smog Check Required? | Notary Signature Required on Title? |
|---|
| California | $22 | Varies by County (7.25%+) | Yes, for most vehicles | Yes |
| Texas | $28-$33 | 6.25% | Yes, in most counties | No |
| Florida | $75.50 | 6% | No | Yes |
| New York | $50 | 4% (plus local tax) | Yes | Yes |
| Colorado | $7.20 | 2.9% | Yes, in certain areas | No |
