Do the small steel balls in the axle increase or decrease friction?
2 Answers
They reduce friction. The steel balls installed in the axle convert sliding friction into rolling friction, thereby lowering the friction during power transmission and improving the efficiency of mechanical power transfer, which helps increase the speed of the vehicle. The steel balls in the axle are also known as ball bearings, steel shots, marbles, or rolling balls, and are used in mechanical rotating devices such as bearings, lead screws, and slide rails. More details are as follows: 1. Basic structure of rolling bearings: Rolling bearings generally consist of an inner ring, outer ring, rolling elements, and a cage. The inner ring fits with the shaft and rotates together with it, while the outer ring fits with the bearing housing to provide support. 2. The rolling elements are evenly distributed between the inner and outer rings by the cage. Their shape, size, and quantity directly affect the performance and lifespan of the rolling bearing. The cage ensures even distribution of the rolling elements, prevents them from falling out, and guides their rotation to facilitate lubrication.
The small steel balls inside the axle are actually designed to reduce friction. Having worked in an auto repair shop for many years, I've seen numerous bearing issues. Those tiny steel balls convert sliding friction into rolling friction when they rotate—it's similar to how pushing a wheel on the ground requires less effort than dragging a box. With reduced friction, the axle wears slower, making the car run smoother and more fuel-efficient. If the steel balls wear out, increased friction can cause the axle to overheat or fail, leading to louder noise and vibrations. That's why regular maintenance is crucial—checking if the bearings rotate properly. Additionally, minimizing friction at high speeds enhances safety by preventing axle seizure, which could cause accidents. This design is standard in modern vehicles, ensuring more efficient and reliable driving. I recommend car owners inspect their bearings during routine oil changes.
