The engine fault light may illuminate during power-on self-test or under other circumstances. The power-on self-test is an indication of the vehicle monitoring all sensor statuses before driving. Generally, if the vehicle is not started after power-on, the light will turn off by itself after about 3 seconds. In other cases, if the EPC indicator light remains on after the vehicle is started, the main causes for the EPC light staying on include faults in the engine intake system, throttle valve, fuel system, engine, ECU control unit, or brake lights. Below is a detailed explanation of each possible fault: Sensor Issues: Sensors include those for coolant temperature, crankshaft position, air flow, intake temperature, oxygen, etc. When these sensors are damaged, have poor contact, or experience signal interruption, the vehicle's ECU cannot accurately obtain engine data, which may trigger the engine fault light. Solution: If such issues occur, promptly visit a repair center for professional inspection to eliminate potential safety hazards. Maintenance Issues: Poor engine maintenance is the most common cause of the engine fault light. Vehicles have specific maintenance cycles. Failure to adhere to these cycles, combined with poor driving habits, can increase the engine's operational burden, eventually causing the engine fault light to illuminate as a warning. Solution: Follow the maintenance schedule in the vehicle's manual, performing comprehensive maintenance on time or at the specified mileage to rule out non-maintenance-related issues. Fuel Quality Issues: This refers to both fuel and engine oil. Vehicles require specific fuel grades, and engine oil can be semi-synthetic or fully synthetic. Manufacturers usually recommend certain fuel grades and oil types. Failure to follow these recommendations over time can lead to engine wear and trigger the fault light. Solution: Use the recommended fuel grade and appropriate engine oil for the vehicle. Poor Combustion of Air-Fuel Mixture: Faults in spark plugs, fuel pumps, or clogged fuel lines can cause poor combustion of the air-fuel mixture. This leads to engine carbon buildup or knocking, which the oxygen sensor detects and reports to the ECU, triggering the fault light. Solution: Inspect the engine ignition coils and spark plugs. Check the performance of related sensors, such as (front/rear) oxygen sensors, coolant temperature sensors, intake temperature sensors, throttle position sensors, air flow meters, and intake manifold pressure sensors. Examine the air filter for contamination—if clogged, it can cause an overly rich mixture, requiring cleaning or replacement (as needed). Check for fuel injector leaks and the performance of the fuel pressure regulator, as malfunctions can also lead to an overly rich mixture. Intake Issues: Engine combustion requires air intake, where the air filter plays a critical role. A dirty or uncleaned air filter can obstruct airflow, potentially leading to blockages and, in severe cases, triggering the engine fault light. Solution: Regularly clean or replace the air filter to ensure proper intake system operation. Turbocharger Issues: Problems with the intake boost system or turbocharger can also cause the engine fault light to illuminate. The most common issue is turbocharger damage, often accompanied by oil leaks, excessive oil consumption, reduced power, metallic noises, or blue/black smoke from the exhaust. Solution: Visit a 4S shop to inspect and replace the turbocharger. In most cases, repair is not cost-effective, and replacement is recommended. Exhaust Issues: Faults in the rear oxygen sensor, catalytic converter, or exhaust camshaft and bearings can trigger the engine fault light. The most common issue is catalytic converter failure, often caused by physical damage or fuel system problems. Solution: Use lead- or silicon-based lubricants for catalytic converter maintenance and cleaning. Anti-Theft System: If the vehicle's electronic anti-theft system malfunctions or the anti-theft controller is incompatible with the engine ECU, the engine may not operate correctly, and the fault light may illuminate. Solution: Seek professional assistance at a repair shop, as this issue cannot be fixed individually. Engine Misfire: This occurs when one or more cylinders fail to operate or perform poorly, leading to reduced power, difficulty starting, or unstable idling. Solution: Identify and replace faulty cylinder components. If internal mechanical damage is present, major repairs at a professional shop may be necessary.
