Why Do New Energy Vehicles Have Low Voltage?
4 Answers
New energy vehicles experience low voltage due to BMS collection anomalies, such as loose wiring, poor connector contact, or BMS balancing module failure, which leads to over-discharge of corresponding battery cells and results in low voltage. Types of Vehicle Voltage: One type is 12V, generally used for small and medium-sized vehicles; the other is 24V, typically used for large and heavy-duty vehicles. Introduction to Vehicle Batteries: The battery is an essential part of a vehicle and can be categorized into traditional lead-acid batteries and maintenance-free batteries. Since maintenance-free batteries use lead-calcium alloy grids, they produce less water decomposition during charging and have lower water evaporation. Additionally, their sealed structure releases minimal sulfuric acid gas. Compared to traditional batteries, they offer advantages such as no need to add any liquid, secure terminal connections, and longer power storage duration.
I found that the low voltage in new energy vehicles is mainly due to battery aging. For example, after driving my electric car for five years, the range noticeably decreased, and it often showed insufficient voltage upon startup. This stems from the chemical degradation inside the battery—after many charge cycles, the internal resistance increases, causing a rapid voltage drop during discharge. The impact is even greater in low temperatures; on winter mornings, the voltage often drops to dangerous levels. Another factor is overusing fast charging—frequent high-current charging and discharging accelerate battery wear. I check the battery health report weekly, and if the lifespan drops below 70%, it’s time to consider a replacement. Proper driving habits are also crucial—avoid sudden acceleration and reduce electrical loads, such as minimizing the use of high-power air conditioning. In short, regular maintenance and gentle driving can extend battery life and prevent voltage instability.
When encountering low voltage in my new energy vehicle, I reflected on my driving habits. I used to enjoy aggressive driving, flooring the accelerator pedal, which caused instant high power consumption and sudden voltage drops. My charging methods were also problematic – I frequently used fast charging, which strained the battery and led to frequent voltage fluctuations. Long-term storage with low charge was worse; for example, when I didn't drive for a week during business trips, the voltage would be too low to start upon return. The issue was more pronounced in cold environments – during northern winters, battery activity decreases, resulting in weaker voltage output. After adjustments, I adopted gentler driving with smooth acceleration, maintained charging between 20%-80% state of charge, and avoided deep discharges. I also installed a battery insulation jacket to minimize cold weather impacts. Developing these good habits has significantly reduced voltage issues, making driving much more reassuring.
New energy vehicles suffer from low voltage, and I believe ambient temperature is the key factor. Especially in the harsh winter, the battery seems to freeze, causing a sudden drop in output voltage. Living in the north, I've experienced difficulty starting my electric vehicle in sub-zero temperatures, with the dashboard displaying low-voltage warnings. Low temperatures slow down the chemical reactions in the battery, weakening its discharge capability and making voltage drops more likely. High temperatures in summer shouldn't be overlooked either—poor battery cooling can lead to internal overheating, temporarily reducing voltage. External factors like high humidity during rain or snow increase the risk of short circuits in the electrical system. I often park my car in an underground garage to keep it warm and avoid long-distance driving in extreme weather. Regularly cleaning moisture from the car body helps prevent circuit corrosion. These measures can help alleviate voltage issues.
