Why Can't the Steering Wheel Turn When the Car is Cold?
2 Answers
Cold weather causing the steering wheel to be difficult to turn is primarily due to the use of hydraulic power steering systems in most vehicles. At low temperatures, the power steering fluid becomes more viscous, leading to this situation, which is normal. There are two types of hydraulic power steering systems: one is the electro-hydraulic power steering system, and the other is the mechanical hydraulic power steering system. The power steering pump in an electro-hydraulic system is driven by an electric motor, whereas in a mechanical hydraulic system, it is directly driven by the engine. The mechanical hydraulic power steering system consumes engine power, while the electro-hydraulic system does not. Both types of hydraulic power steering systems require the use of power steering fluid, which needs to be replaced regularly. Failure to replace the fluid over an extended period can result in the car's steering wheel becoming heavier.
Last winter, my car's steering wheel was extremely stiff during cold starts, to the point where it was almost impossible to turn, which really startled me. After checking, I found out that the power steering fluid was too thick, and its poor flow at low temperatures made the power steering pump struggle to provide assistance, resulting in the heavy steering. This issue is most common in vehicles with hydraulic power steering. If your car has this system, first check the power steering fluid level—if it's too low or dirty, it could cause problems. Additionally, if the belt is loose, the power steering output may be insufficient, especially when the engine is idling low in cold weather. It's recommended to start the engine and let it warm up for a minute or two before driving, waiting for the engine RPM to stabilize before testing the steering. If the problem persists, check for power steering pump leaks or seized bearings. Don't delay—visit a repair shop promptly, as prolonged use in this condition can damage steering components.
