In the United States, the primary driver of a rental car must typically be at least 21 years old, possess a valid driver's license that has been held for a minimum of one year, and present a major credit card in their name. However, the specific rules can vary significantly by rental company, state, and even the specific rental location. The most critical step is always to check directly with the rental company you plan to use before booking.
Age is a major factor. While the minimum age is often 21, renters under 25 will almost always face a "Young Renter Fee," which is a daily surcharge. Some companies may even restrict vehicle classes for younger drivers, prohibiting them from renting luxury cars, SUVs, or sports cars. A few rental locations, particularly near universities or in certain states, may allow 18-year-olds to rent, but this is rare and comes with strict conditions and higher fees.
License validity is non-negotiable. For U.S. residents, a valid, non-expired driver's license from their state of residence is required. For international visitors, a valid driver's license from their home country is usually sufficient if it is in English or accompanied by an official International Driving Permit (IDP). The license must be for operating a standard passenger vehicle.
Additional drivers must be declared. If someone else plans to drive the rental car, they must be added to the rental agreement at the counter, which often incurs an extra daily fee per additional driver. Spouses or domestic partners are sometimes exempt from this fee, but this policy varies by company. All additional drivers must also meet the same age and license requirements and present their licenses at the time of rental. Allowing an unauthorized person to drive invalidates the rental company's insurance and can leave you fully liable for any damage.
The table below outlines the general policies of major rental companies, but always confirm details directly.
| Rental Company | Standard Minimum Age | Young Renter Fee (Under 25) | Additional Driver Fee (Per Day) | Spouse/Partner Fee Waiver? |
|---|
| Enterprise | 21 | Varies by state/location | ~$15.00 | Often |
| Hertz | 21 | Varies by state/location | ~$15.00 | Often |
| Avis | 21 | Varies by state/location | ~$15.00 | Sometimes |
| Budget | 21 | Varies by state/location | ~$15.00 | Sometimes |
| Alamo | 21 | Varies by state/location | Varies | Varies |
| National | 21 | Varies by state/location | Varies | Varies |
| Thrifty | 21-25 (Varies) | Varies by state/location | ~$15.00 | Sometimes |
| Dollar | 20-25 (Varies) | Varies by state/location | ~$15.00 | Sometimes |
