Which Battery to Choose for New Energy Vehicles?
2 Answers
New energy vehicles can choose between lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries and ternary lithium batteries. In northern winters, ternary lithium batteries offer more stable performance. In the south, lithium iron phosphate batteries are preferred for their higher safety. The two types differ in energy density: LFP battery cells typically have an energy density of around 110Wh/kg, whereas ternary lithium battery cells generally reach 200Wh/kg. This means that for the same weight, ternary lithium batteries have 1.7 times the energy density of LFP batteries, enabling longer range for new energy vehicles. They also differ in temperature efficiency: While LFP batteries perform well in high temperatures, ternary lithium batteries excel in low-temperature conditions, making them the primary choice for low-temperature lithium batteries. At -20°C, ternary lithium batteries can release 70.14% of their capacity, compared to just 54.94% for LFP batteries.
From a technical perspective on new energy vehicle battery choices, lithium-ion batteries currently dominate the market. Ternary lithium batteries offer high energy density, enabling longer driving ranges, but they may be less stable under high temperatures or collisions, posing thermal runaway risks. Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries are much safer, resistant to overcharging and over-discharging. Although heavier with slightly reduced range, they provide greater peace of mind for daily use. Emerging solid-state batteries show promising potential, replacing liquid electrolytes with solid ones, theoretically offering improved safety and higher energy density, though they're still in development with few mass-produced vehicles available. My personal recommendation is to choose based on vehicle type: opt for ternary lithium for long-distance travel, while lithium iron phosphate suits urban commuting better. Battery lifespan is also crucial—typical lithium batteries last five to eight years, and selecting reputable brands can minimize maintenance concerns.
