You typically add power steering fluid to the small reservoir connected to the power steering pump under the hood. The reservoir is usually a clear plastic container with a cap labeled with a steering wheel icon or the words "Power Steering." It's often located on the passenger side of the engine bay.
Before you start, check your owner's manual for the specific location and the correct type of fluid for your vehicle. Using the wrong fluid can damage the power steering system. The process is straightforward: park on a level surface, let the engine cool, and clean the area around the cap to prevent dirt from falling in. Remove the cap, use a funnel to add fluid to the "Full" or "Max" line on the reservoir, then replace the cap securely.
It's important to diagnose why the fluid is low. A slow drop over time might be normal, but a rapidly emptying reservoir indicates a leak, which should be inspected by a mechanic. Signs you need fluid include a whining noise when turning the steering wheel or the steering feeling unusually heavy.
| Common Power Steering Fluid Types | Typical Vehicle Makes | Color | Key Consideration |
|---|
| ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid) | Ford, GM, Chrysler | Red | Often uses Dexron/Mercon ATF; not universal |
| Dedicated PS Fluid | Honda, Toyota, Nissan | Clear, Amber, or Red | Honda/Acura require specific fluid to avoid damage |
| Synthetic CHF (Central Hydraulic Fluid) | European Vehicles (BMW, Mercedes) | Green, Yellow, or Amber | High-performance; specific viscosity requirements |
| Electronic Power Steering (EPS) | Most Newer Models (post-2010) | N/A | These systems are electric and have no fluid |
If your car has Electronic Power Steering (EPS), it won't have a power steering fluid reservoir at all. This is common in most cars built after 2010. If you can't find the reservoir, consult your manual to confirm your system type.
