Where Are the Car Sensors Located?
2 Answers
Car sensors are generally located inside various components. For example, the tire pressure sensor is located inside the car's wheels, the fuel sensor is positioned within the engine, the coolant sensor is situated inside the radiator, and the oil sensor is typically found beneath the engine. The function of car sensors is to convert various operational conditions during driving—such as speed, temperature of different mediums, and engine operating conditions—into electrical signals transmitted to the computer, ensuring the engine operates in its optimal state. Characteristics of sensors: miniaturization, digitization, intelligence, multifunctionality, systematization, and networking. They not only facilitate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries but also contribute to the establishment of new industries. Miniaturization is based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology, which has been successfully applied in silicon devices to create silicon pressure sensors. Sensor structure: Sensors generally consist of four parts—sensitive element, conversion element, signal conditioning circuit, and auxiliary power supply. The sensitive element directly senses the measured quantity and outputs a physical signal with a definite relationship to the measured quantity. The conversion element transforms the physical signal from the sensitive element into an electrical signal, while the signal conditioning circuit amplifies and adjusts the electrical signal output by the conversion element. Both the conversion element and the signal conditioning circuit usually require power supply from the auxiliary source.
I frequently handle car repairs, and sensor locations are spread across various critical areas of the vehicle. In the engine compartment, common ones include the crankshaft position sensor, usually located at the front of the crankcase near the pulley, detecting RPM; the camshaft sensor is often near the cylinder head, responsible for timing. There are two oxygen sensor positions—one in the front of the exhaust pipe near the engine, monitoring exhaust composition, and another downstream near the catalytic converter. In the chassis, the most common is the wheel speed sensor, installed in the inner ring of the wheel hub and connected to the ABS system to prevent skidding; the vehicle speed sensor is located next to the transmission output shaft. Inside the cabin, sensors like the air conditioning temperature sensor are behind the vents or control panel, while the rain sensor is at the top edge of the windshield. Additionally, the electronic throttle position sensor is on the throttle body, the coolant temperature sensor is at the water pump or radiator connection, and the air flow sensor is in the intake pipe. In short, sensor locations depend on their functions, and checking these points during routine maintenance can prevent malfunctions.
