What Type of Battery is a Car Battery?
2 Answers
Car batteries belong to the lead-acid battery category. Below is relevant information about car batteries: Composition: The structure of a car lead-acid battery mainly consists of positive (negative) plates, separators, electrolyte, case, connecting strips, and terminal posts. Function: When starting the engine, it provides a powerful starting current (approximately 10A) to the starter. When the generator is overloaded, it can assist the generator in supplying power to electrical devices. When the engine is idling, it supplies power to electrical devices. The battery also acts as a large-capacity capacitor, protecting the vehicle's electrical appliances. When the generator's terminal voltage is higher than the electromotive force of the lead-acid battery, it converts part of the electrical energy into chemical energy for storage, which is the charging process.
The most common automotive battery is the lead-acid type, which has been in use since the dawn of automobiles. It operates primarily through lead electrodes and sulfuric acid electrolyte. It powers engine starts and lights, with types including wet-cell requiring periodic water refills and maintenance-free AGM sealed versions being more durable. From my driving experience, its advantages are affordability and robustness, capable of handling high instantaneous current for starting. However, drawbacks include significant weight and susceptibility to damage from improper deep discharges, shortening lifespan. While lithium batteries are gradually being adopted in hybrids and EVs, lead-acid remains dominant in conventional fuel vehicles. Regular electrode maintenance and corrosion prevention help prolong service life.