What Type of Battery Do Electric Vehicles Use?
2 Answers
Currently, the batteries used in electric vehicles are: ternary lithium batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries, and nickel-metal hydride batteries. Among these, nickel-metal hydride batteries are the most stable, lithium iron phosphate batteries are the safest, and ternary lithium batteries have the highest capacity. Below is a detailed introduction: Ternary Lithium Battery: Excels in collaboration, offering the highest capacity for the same weight. However, its tightly packed components generate higher temperatures, so ternary lithium batteries have stringent cooling requirements. To ensure safety, each battery cell must be equipped with a safety device. Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery: Favored by most automakers. Although its capacity per unit weight is lower than that of ternary lithium batteries, it has excellent thermal stability, is less prone to overheating, and significantly reduces the cost of cooling components. Additionally, it offers advantages such as high energy density, compact size, long battery life, and superior safety.
As a tech enthusiast, I'm particularly fascinated by electric vehicle batteries. The mainstream choice is lithium-ion batteries, which come in different types: ternary lithium batteries offer high energy density, enabling fast charging and long range; lithium iron phosphate batteries provide better safety, exemplified by BYD's Blade Battery that reduces fire risks. The battery management system is crucial, with new models like XPeng's 800-volt system cutting charging time to 20 minutes. However, battery degradation can't be ignored—capacity diminishes over long-term use, requiring regular inspection and maintenance. Technological advancements are accelerating, and solid-state batteries may become future alternatives, addressing range and safety concerns. Overall, lithium battery diversity makes EVs more practical and efficient, but balancing energy and safety remains essential.
