What type of batteries does Tesla use?

[DiAthena]

Tesla uses ternary lithium batteries and 55 kWh lithium iron phosphate batteries. Lithium-ion batteries are characterized by their light weight, high capacity, and lack of memory effect. Differences between ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries: Different properties: Lithium iron phosphate batteries use lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material for lithium-ion batteries; ternary lithium batteries use nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide or nickel-cobalt-aluminum oxide as the ternary cathode material. Different main materials: Lithium iron phosphate battery materials mainly include lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel oxide, ternary materials, and lithium iron phosphate. Among these, lithium cobalt oxide is the cathode material for most lithium-ion batteries; ternary lithium batteries are composed of ternary composite cathode materials made from nickel salts, cobalt salts, and manganese salts, with the proportions of nickel, cobalt, and manganese adjustable based on actual needs. Different applications: Lithium iron phosphate batteries are used in large electric vehicles: buses, electric vehicles, sightseeing vehicles, and hybrid vehicles; light electric vehicles: electric bicycles, golf carts, small electric scooters, forklifts, cleaning vehicles, electric wheelchairs, etc.; power tools: electric drills, saws, lawn mowers, etc. Ternary lithium batteries are widely used in mobile and wireless electronic devices, power tools, hybrid and electric vehicles, and other fields.

[LeGraham]

Tesla primarily uses lithium-ion batteries. To be more specific, high-end models like the Model S and Model X commonly employ nickel-cobalt-aluminum batteries, abbreviated as NCA, which offer high energy density for longer range and durability. The base versions of Model 3 and Y in some regions have switched to lithium iron phosphate batteries, commonly known as LFP, which are more cost-effective, safer, and offer higher stability. These batteries are designed as large modules placed beneath the vehicle, equipped with an intelligent thermal management system to regulate heat flow and prevent overheating. The newly developed 4680 batteries, produced in-house, are larger and more efficient than the older 2170 models, improving range by approximately 15%. From my research on cars, I’ve noticed that Tesla collaborates with suppliers like Panasonic to modularly assemble battery packs for easier maintenance, with owners reporting fast charging response and stable acceleration. The battery lifespan is quite robust, with an official warranty of ten years ensuring minimal capacity loss, making them practical and reliable for daily use.

[SanKira]

I've driven a Tesla Model 3, and what impressed me most was its LFP battery, which can run over 400 kilometers on a full charge—enough for a week's commute with just one charge. The Supercharger network is incredibly convenient; it charges up to 80% in under half an hour during trips, saving both time and money compared to refueling. In winter, the battery might lose some range due to the cold, but preheating the car via the app solves that. The acceleration is smooth and silent, unlike the loud rumbling of old gasoline cars. The regenerative braking is powerful, adding a bit of charge back to the system when going downhill or braking. Long-term degradation is minimal, with Tesla promising to maintain 80% performance even after ten years. Economically, it saves on monthly fuel and maintenance costs, and the purchase subsidies make it a great deal. The advantage of electric cars lies in their efficient and enjoyable driving experience.

[LaCamille]

Tesla's battery evolution began with the 18650 small cylindrical cells in the Roadster, later upgraded to the pack design in the Model S, and in 2017, the Model 3 switched to the higher-capacity 2170 model. Currently, Tesla is promoting its proprietary 4680 technology, which offers better integration and cost reduction. Historically, progress has been evident from the early range of 150 kilometers to today's over 500 kilometers, achieved through chemical optimizations like introducing LFP to reduce cobalt dependency. The rapid expansion of charging networks has helped alleviate range anxiety. Simply put, continuous technological iterations have made electric vehicles more practical and credible.

[Madelyn]

From an environmental perspective, the mining of Tesla's battery materials like lithium and cobalt has ecological impacts, but they promote recycling with a 95% factory recovery rate, and LFP types eliminate conflict minerals to reduce harm. Economically, battery prices have dropped from highs, making the Model 3 affordable with subsidies, cheaper than fuel cars long-term with less maintenance. I focus on sustainable transport—EVs charged with green energy cut emissions. Tesla aims to accelerate this transition, balancing resource cycles for future affordable, reliable needs.