What to Do with ETC When Selling a Car?

What is a Three-Way Catalytic Converter in a Car?

The three-way catalytic converter is the most important external purification device installed in a car's exhaust system. It converts harmful gases such as CO, HC, and NOx emitted from the vehicle's exhaust into harmless carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen through oxidation and reduction reactions. Modern cars are all equipped with three-way catalytic converters. Only vehicles produced in earlier years that did not meet the China II emission standards lacked this component. Composition of a Three-Way Catalytic Converter: A three-way catalytic converter generally consists of four parts: the shell, vibration damping layer, substrate, and catalyst coating. The shell is made of stainless steel to prevent oxide scale from peeling off, which could clog the substrate. The vibration damping layer is composed of gaskets or wire mesh pads, serving to seal, insulate, and secure the substrate. To protect the substrate from damage caused by vibration, thermal deformation, and other factors, the gaskets are made of expanded mica and aluminum silicate fibers, bonded together with adhesive. The substrate is constructed from honeycomb-shaped ceramic materials, though many also use metal (including stainless steel) materials. The catalyst consists of precious metals such as platinum, rhodium, and palladium, which are sprayed onto the substrate to form the purifying agent.

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Can the Car Still Be Driven When It Shakes?

Whether a car can continue to be driven when it shakes depends on the following specific situations: 1. If you can clearly feel significant shaking but the warning light is not on, you can still drive at a lower speed and head to a repair shop as soon as possible to diagnose the cause of the shaking. 2. If the car shakes violently with abnormal noises and the warning light is on, you should stop immediately and call for roadside assistance. Here are the possible reasons for car shaking: 1. Engine shaking: The engine may shake due to issues like carbon buildup, misfiring, or knocking, which can also cause the car body to shake. When checking for engine-related shaking, it's also important to inspect the condition of the engine mounts, as one of their functions is to reduce the transmission of engine vibrations to the car body. 2. Brake shaking: Brake shaking is often caused by grooved brake discs. You can feel obvious unevenness when touching the surface of the brake disc, and in severe cases, the edges of the brake disc may protrude significantly. Depending on the thickness of the brake disc, you can choose to machine it or replace it with a new one. 3. Gearshift shaking: Gearshift shaking may be caused by severely worn clutch plates or insufficient clamping pressure. This type of shaking caused by clutch issues is not noticeable during steady driving but becomes evident during gear shifting or rapid acceleration.

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Is it acceptable to reverse when there's not enough space for a U-turn at an intersection?

If there's insufficient space for a U-turn at an intersection, reversing is permitted as long as U-turns are allowed at that intersection. Safe U-turn methods for vehicles: Check signage and select an appropriate U-turn location; reduce speed in advance; activate the left turn signal; observe oncoming traffic from the opposite direction and check the left rear for overtaking vehicles; if there are vehicles coming straight ahead, slightly tilt the vehicle body and wait; quickly turn the steering wheel to its maximum to make the tightest possible turn; as the front of the vehicle straightens, lightly tap the brakes and swiftly return the steering wheel to the center; once the vehicle is straight, accelerate to proceed. Below are some driving precautions: 1. Check mirrors: Always use turn signals and reduce speed when turning or changing lanes; always check the mirrors before turning. Left turns primarily require checking the left mirror, right turns the right mirror, and both left and right turns require checking the interior rearview mirror. 2. Avoid fixating on the immediate front of the vehicle: When driving on clear roads, look straight ahead about 100 meters, avoiding fixation on the immediate front of the vehicle. 3. Clutch usage: Generally, when decelerating at speeds above 40 km/h, there's no need to press the clutch first; press the clutch when the speed drops to around 20 km/h. 4. Steering: Turn the wheel slowly for high-speed turns and quickly for low-speed turns.

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What is the difference between EFI spark plugs and ordinary spark plugs?

"Resistor spark plugs" are anti-static and have good ignition performance; "ordinary spark plugs" generally do not have resistors, and resistor spark plugs have a letter R on them. More relevant information is as follows: 1. The reason for the production of resistor spark plugs: When a car is running, the spark plug fires 21 times per second. According to the design principle of spark plugs, it can be known that during each ignition, a strong current passes through the core of the spark plug. In this way, the spark plug generates a magnetic field each time it works. These magnetic fields interfere with all the electrical appliances around the engine, and the key point is that they cause great harm to people. Therefore, in the 1920s, people began to use resistor-type spark plugs. Initially, resistor spark plugs were used in aviation and military applications. Later, due to environmental reasons, some countries mandated the use of resistor spark plugs in cars. For example, in the Euro III emission standards in Europe, one of the requirements is related to spark plugs during car operation. However, current EFI vehicles must use resistor spark plugs. 2. Spark plugs: The electrode of the spark plug repeatedly and continuously generates ignition, igniting the mixture in the cylinder. At this time, other parts of the ignition system generate timed high-voltage electrical pulses, forming sparks and producing explosions to provide the energy required for the engine's power output. The structure of the spark plug is made of a slender metal electrode passing through a ceramic material with insulating function. The lower part of the insulator is surrounded by a metal shell, which is screwed into the cylinder head with threads. At the bottom of this metal shell, an electrode is welded to form a grounding connection with the car body. In addition, at the central end of this electrode, there must be a tiny discharge gap separated.

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What to Do When a Land Rover Diesel Vehicle Fails to Start in Winter?

If a Land Rover diesel vehicle fails to start in winter, it is necessary to heat the fuel tank, replace the battery, or use an emergency power source to start the vehicle. After the vehicle is successfully started, it is advisable to switch to a lower-grade diesel fuel to prevent freezing issues. Additionally, the battery should be checked to ensure it is functioning properly; if not, it should be replaced promptly. Land Rover models include the Range Rover Evoque, Range Rover Velar, Discovery, Defender, and Range Rover. Taking the 2021 Range Rover Sport as an example, it is a mid-to-large-size SUV with dimensions of 4879mm in length, 2073mm in width, and 1803mm in height, a wheelbase of 2923mm, and a fuel tank capacity of 104.3 liters.

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What Does Full Compensation for Flood-Damaged Vehicles Mean?

Full compensation from an insurance company for flood-damaged vehicles refers to the scenario where the vehicle owner has purchased both comprehensive insurance and water ingress insurance. The insurance company will only compensate if the vehicle is submerged and the owner has taken appropriate actions. Whether the insurance company will compensate for a water-damaged vehicle depends on the specific circumstances. There are three situations for water-damaged vehicles: 1. The vehicle is submerged while parked and stationary: As long as the owner has purchased comprehensive insurance, they can generally receive compensation. The insurance company will calculate the compensation based on whether the vehicle is repaired or declared a total loss. 2. The vehicle is submerged while in motion, and there is no secondary ignition attempt: The owner needs to have both comprehensive insurance and water ingress insurance. Comprehensive insurance covers costs other than the engine, while water ingress insurance covers engine-related costs. 3. The vehicle is submerged and stalls while in motion, and the owner attempts a secondary ignition. Any ignition attempt in this situation is considered improper operation, and the insurance company will not provide compensation.

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What to Do with ETC When Selling a Car?

What is a Three-Way Catalytic Converter in a Car?

Can the Car Still Be Driven When It Shakes?

Is it acceptable to reverse when there's not enough space for a U-turn at an intersection?

What is the difference between EFI spark plugs and ordinary spark plugs?

What to Do When a Land Rover Diesel Vehicle Fails to Start in Winter?

What Does Full Compensation for Flood-Damaged Vehicles Mean?

Is Longpan 9000 Fully Synthetic Engine Oil Safe to Use?

How Many Kilometers Should Car Gear Oil Be Replaced?

What Causes Engine Cylinder Scoring?

What are the hazards of adding sugar to an engine?