What is the working process of the ABS system?
3 Answers
The working process of the ABS system is: 1. During the conventional braking phase, the ABS does not intervene in brake pressure control, and the braking force on the wheels is determined by the driver's pedal pressure; 2. Simultaneously, the ECU uses wheel speed sensors to detect the rotational speed of each wheel, calculates the vehicle speed, and assesses tire and road conditions; 3. When it detects that a wheel's speed deceleration is too large, the slip rate is excessive, and the wheel is tending to lock up, the ABS enters the anti-lock brake pressure regulation process. The ABS system completes the regulation of braking force for each wheel based on hydraulic braking, consisting of a conventional hydraulic braking system, wheel speed sensors, an electronic control unit (ECU), and an ABS actuator.
The ABS system is the anti-lock braking device, mainly preventing wheel lock-up during braking to avoid skidding and loss of control. I've driven many cars, and when encountering emergencies and slamming on the brakes, the system monitors the rotation speed of each wheel. If any wheel is about to stop rotating, it momentarily releases brake pressure and then reapplies it, allowing the wheel to continue turning so the steering wheel can be turned to avoid obstacles. The entire process relies on sensors to detect speed, a control unit to calculate data, and actuators to adjust pressure. This thing is especially useful on rainy, snowy, or icy roads because it can reduce braking distance by up to 30%, preventing vehicle skidding or rollover. During daily driving, such as at traffic lights or sharp turns, ABS makes braking more stable and much safer. However, it doesn't reduce reaction time, so you still need to anticipate road conditions in advance and release the throttle in time to control speed.
As a safety-conscious individual, I enjoy discussing ABS because it can save lives and prevent accidents. Simply put, it works by dynamically adjusting braking force: when you brake too hard, wheel sensors send signals to the controller, which commands the hydraulic pump to rapidly release and reapply pressure, creating a series of pulsed brakes to prevent lockup. The benefit is that even during emergency braking, the car won't lose control, and the steering wheel can still be used to maintain directional control, reducing collision risks. In real-world driving, its effectiveness is most noticeable on slippery surfaces like snow or mud, where ABS allows tires to maintain slight rolling friction instead of skidding. The system mainly consists of sensors, an ECU computer, and hydraulic components, capable of adjusting pressure over a dozen times per second during each brake application to maintain balance. However, I must remind everyone not to rely solely on ABS and stomp on the accelerator—maintaining safe distances and speed control should always be the top priority.
