What is the Working Principle of Ultrasonic Sensors?

[McAniyah]

Ultrasonic sensors operate on the following principle: The primary materials used in ultrasonic sensors are piezoelectric crystals and nickel-iron-aluminum alloys. Ultrasonic sensors composed of piezoelectric crystals are reversible sensors that can convert electrical energy into mechanical oscillations to generate ultrasonic waves. Conversely, when they receive ultrasonic waves, they can also convert them back into electrical energy. Additional Information: An ultrasonic sensor is a device that converts ultrasonic signals into other forms of energy signals (typically electrical signals). Ultrasonic waves are mechanical waves with vibration frequencies higher than 20kHz. They are characterized by high frequency, short wavelength, minimal diffraction phenomena, and particularly excellent directivity, enabling them to propagate directionally as rays.