What is the working principle of the ignition system?
2 Answers
The working principle of the ignition system is to provide the spark plug with high-voltage electricity of sufficient energy in the order of cylinder ignition timing, so that a spark is generated between the electrodes of the spark plug, thereby igniting the compressed combustible mixture in the cylinder. Here are the details: Components of the ignition system: The ignition system usually consists of a power source, ignition coil, distributor (including circuit breaker), and spark plug, among others. Among them, the power source, circuit breaker, and primary coil of the ignition coil constitute the low-voltage circuit part; the secondary coil of the ignition coil, distributor, and spark plug constitute the high-voltage circuit part. Common faults of the ignition system: Common faults of the ignition system include spark plug failure, delayed ignition, and premature ignition.
The working principle of the ignition system is actually quite intricate, as it serves as the core power source for automobile engine operation. Simply put, this process resembles a meticulously choreographed dance: First, the battery supplies low-voltage current, approximately 12 volts; this current flows through the ignition switch into the ignition coil, which uses electromagnetic induction to instantly boost the voltage to a high-voltage state ranging from 15,000 to 30,000 volts. Then, this high-voltage electricity is sent to the distributor or the electronic control unit in modern vehicles, which accurately distributes it to each cylinder's spark plug according to the engine's operating rhythm. The spark plug generates an electric spark just before the end of the cylinder's compression stroke, igniting the air-fuel mixture inside, triggering combustion to drive piston movement. Modern systems incorporate various sensors, such as the crankshaft position sensor, allowing the computer to adjust ignition timing in real-time to adapt to different engine loads and speeds, ensuring maximum combustion efficiency. I have always followed advancements in automotive technology, and now electronic ignition systems have replaced older mechanical components, making them more reliable and fuel-efficient. For maintenance, it's crucial to regularly inspect spark plugs and coils for aging issues to avoid starting difficulties or engine vibrations. If the ignition timing is inaccurate, fuel economy can also suffer, so understanding this process is very helpful for daily vehicle inspections by car owners.
