What is the working principle of the engine starting system?
3 Answers
The working principle of the engine starting system is: to rotate the engine crankshaft with external force, so that the cylinder inhales combustible mixed gas and burns and expands, making the engine transition from a static state to a working state. The composition of the engine is: 1. Power source and starter; 2. Starting switch and starting relay. The engine is the device that provides power for the car, determining the car's power, economy, stability and environmental protection. The methods of engine maintenance are: 1. Regularly change the engine oil and oil filter element; 2. Keep the crankcase well ventilated; 3. Regularly clean the crankcase; 4. Regularly clean the fuel system; 5. Regularly maintain the water tank.
I've been driving a private car for ten years and have some insights into the starting system. Every time I get in the car and turn the key to the start position, the battery supplies power to the starter. The starter is actually a small motor, and when it receives power, the electromagnetic mechanism inside pushes the gear out to engage with the engine's flywheel ring gear. Once the flywheel turns, it drives the crankshaft to rotate, allowing the engine's pistons to compress the air and fuel mixture. After ignition, the engine runs on its own, and the starting system automatically disengages. The whole process is very quick, but if the battery is dead or the electrolyte freezes in extremely cold weather, starting becomes difficult. I once experienced a situation in winter at minus ten degrees Celsius where the car wouldn't start, and I ended up needing roadside assistance. So now, I regularly check the battery voltage to keep it above 12 volts and avoid cranking the key for too long continuously to prevent burning out the starter's coil or gears. This is especially important for maintaining older cars and extending the lifespan of their components.
I often do minor repairs in the garage. Simply put, the working principle of the starting system is relay power supply. When you press the start button or turn the key, the current first flows through the relay, a small box that protects the circuit. After the relay opens, a large current rushes to the electromagnetic switch engagement device of the starter, pushing the gear out to mesh with the engine flywheel. At the same time, the starter motor rotates at high speed, turning the flywheel a few times until the engine fires up and runs independently. During this process, the battery serves as the energy source, providing a huge current for the starting moment. Common issues include weak starts due to gear wear or a depleted battery. I've seen a friend's car make a clicking noise during startup, which was caused by the flywheel ring gear slipping. For maintenance, I recommend checking the starter mounting screws and battery terminals every six months to ensure they're not loose, and cleaning off any excessive dust. This ensures smoother ignition and reduces repair costs.
