What is the working principle of an automotive power steering pump?
2 Answers
Power steering assists the driver in adjusting the direction of the car, reducing the effort required to turn the steering wheel. Below is an introduction to the power steering pump: Classification of power steering pumps: Power steering systems can be roughly divided into three categories: mechanical hydraulic power steering systems, electro-hydraulic power steering systems, and electric power steering systems. A mechanical hydraulic power steering system generally consists of components such as a hydraulic pump, oil pipes, pressure and flow control valve body, V-type drive belt, and oil reservoir. Function of the automotive power steering pump: An automotive power steering pump refers to a component that helps improve and stabilize the performance of the car. Its main purpose is to assist the driver in adjusting the direction of the car. Currently, most cars are equipped with power steering pumps, mainly including steering power pumps and brake vacuum power pumps.
From the perspective of automotive mechanical maintenance, the power steering pump is essentially the key component that makes your steering wheel turn effortlessly. It's a hydraulic pump driven by the engine belt, which draws steering fluid from the reservoir, pressurizes it, and then delivers it to the steering system. When you turn the steering wheel, the system detects the movement and opens valves to allow high-pressure fluid to push against gears or racks, assisting your steering effort. If the pump fails and oil pressure drops, the steering wheel becomes as heavy as a jack, especially dangerous during parking or sharp turns. I often advise car owners to regularly check fluid levels and belt conditions to prevent leaks or wear. If hissing sounds or stiff steering occur, immediate repair is necessary. Older car models are particularly prone to such issues, while newer vehicles with electric power steering systems face fewer such problems. However, hydraulic pumps remain highly reliable—with proper maintenance, they can last over a decade.
