What is the working principle of a torque sensor?
3 Answers
Working principle of torque sensor: It uses strain gauge electrical measurement technology to form a strain bridge on an elastic shaft for torque measurement. Application scope of torque sensor: 1. Detection of output torque and power of rotating power equipment such as motors, engines, and internal combustion engines; 2. Detection of torque and power of fans, water pumps, gearboxes, and torque wrenches; 3. Can be used to manufacture viscometers; 4. Can be used in process industries and flow industries. Precautions for installing torque sensors: 1. Do not operate with electricity, and never directly strike or collide with the sensor; 2. The fastening bolts of the coupling should be tightened, and a protective cover should be added outside the coupling to avoid personal injury.
I've always been curious about automotive components, especially things like torque sensors, which are most commonly used in power steering systems. Their working principle basically relies on measuring the torsional deformation of a shaft to function. When you exert force to turn the steering wheel while driving, that shaft will experience some twisting deformation, just like twisting a pipe. The sensor, which might contain strain gauges or photosensitive elements inside, can detect the degree of this deformation and then send the signal to the vehicle's control module through circuitry. The module determines how much additional power assistance to provide to the steering system based on the signal strength, making the steering feel light or heavy - it's all controlled here. If it fails, the entire steering system could malfunction, such as becoming unresponsive or suddenly heavy, affecting safety. I recommend regularly checking these sensors' wiring connections for looseness or corrosion - don't wait until the car breaks down to panic. This technology makes driving easier, especially in congested urban traffic conditions where it's particularly useful.
During my years working at the repair shop, I've dealt with numerous torque sensor failures. They commonly occur in engine torque monitoring or transmission systems, and their working principle is quite straightforward: when the shaft is subjected to twisting force, internal components of the sensor such as piezoelectric elements deform, causing changes in electrical signals. This signal informs the computer about the actual torque value, ensuring efficient power transmission in the vehicle. If the sensor ages, it's prone to signal drift or errors, leading to jerky movements or unstable acceleration during driving. Diagnosis typically involves using a multimeter to measure resistance or voltage changes to pinpoint the issue. I recommend that vehicle owners have this checked during every maintenance service, especially for high-mileage cars, as sensors exposed to oil contamination and vibrations are more susceptible to failure. Understanding this can help avoid unnecessary repair costs and extend the vehicle's lifespan. Additionally, practicing smooth acceleration during daily driving and avoiding sudden throttle inputs also contributes to sensor maintenance.
