What is the working principle of a dual-clutch transmission?
2 Answers
The key technology of a dual-clutch transmission lies in the dual clutch, which means there are two clutches. One is responsible for the odd-numbered gears (1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th), and the other clutch is responsible for the even-numbered gears (2nd, 4th, 6th). These two automatically controlled clutches, driven by electronic control and hydraulic pressure, can simultaneously control the operation of both clutches. The advantages of a dual-clutch transmission are as follows: 1. Fast shifting: The shifting time of a dual-clutch transmission is very short, even faster than a manual transmission, taking less than 0.2 seconds. 2. Fuel efficiency: The dual-clutch transmission eliminates torque interruption, ensuring that the engine's power is always utilized and maintained in the optimal working state, which can significantly save fuel. Compared to traditional planetary gear automatic transmissions, it is more conducive to improving fuel economy, with fuel consumption reduced by approximately 15%. 3. Comfort: With fast shifting speeds, each shift of the DCT is very smooth, and the jerking sensation is so minimal that it is hardly noticeable to the human body.
I've driven quite a few dual-clutch transmission (DCT) cars, and their design concept is quite ingenious. Simply put, it's a gearbox that houses two sets of clutch systems—one dedicated to the odd-numbered gears and the other managing the even-numbered gears. When you're driving in 1st gear, 2nd gear is already pre-engaged and ready to go. During gear shifts, the two clutches switch seamlessly like a relay race, resulting in extremely fast shifts with almost no power interruption. This structure combines the direct power transfer efficiency of a manual transmission with the convenience of an automatic. However, in low-speed traffic, frequent clutch engagement can sometimes cause a bit of jerkiness. Current models have significantly improved smoothness through optimized control programming.