What is the working principle of a cylinder head?

[SanJake]

The working principle of a cylinder head is to seal the cylinder, forming a combustion space together with the piston, and to withstand high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gases. The working conditions of a cylinder head are: 1. The cylinder head is subjected to high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gases, enduring significant bolt preload forces, resulting in substantial mechanical stress. 2. The cylinder head has a complex structure with a highly uneven temperature distribution, leading to significant thermal stress. In severe cases, this can cause cracks and overall deformation in the cylinder head. Therefore, the design requirements for a cylinder head are: (1) Sufficient stiffness and strength to minimize deformation during operation and ensure sealing. (2) Proper arrangement of the combustion chamber, valves, and air passages to ensure the engine's performance. (3) Good manufacturability, with a temperature distribution as uniform as possible to reduce thermal stress and avoid thermal cracking.