What is the Technical Principle of an Engine?
3 Answers
Engine technology principle is that the intake valve opens, the exhaust valve closes, the piston moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, the cylinder volume above the piston increases, creating a vacuum, the pressure inside the cylinder drops below the intake pressure, and under the vacuum suction, the gasoline atomized by the carburetor or fuel injection device mixes with air to form a combustible mixture, which is sucked into the cylinder through the intake passage and intake valve. The intake process continues until the piston passes the bottom dead center and the intake valve closes. Then the upward-moving piston begins to compress the gas. Below is an introduction to the engine: Meaning of the engine: An engine is a machine that can convert other forms of energy into mechanical energy. Classification of engines: Internal combustion engines, external combustion engines (such as Stirling engines, steam engines, etc.), jet engines, electric motors, etc. Composition of the engine: The main components of the engine body include the cylinder block, cylinder liner, cylinder head, and cylinder gasket.
The working principle of an engine is essentially about generating power by burning gasoline or diesel. This process is divided into four basic steps: during the intake stroke, the cylinder opens its valve to draw in a mixture of air and fuel; in the compression stroke, the piston rises to compress this mixture; then, the spark plug ignites it, causing an explosion that pushes the piston down; finally, the exhaust valve opens to expel the waste gases. This cycle repeats, with the up-and-down motion of the piston driving the connecting rod and crankshaft to rotate, converting the energy into mechanical power that turns the wheels and moves the car forward. I often disassemble engines for maintenance and observe how internal seals and cylinder wall wear affect efficiency. Maintaining the spark plugs and engine oil is key to keeping it running smoothly. Modern technologies like direct injection or turbocharging enhance performance on this foundation, but the core remains the conversion of explosive force from combustion.
After driving for thirty years, I deeply understand the working principle of the engine every time I start and accelerate. You press the throttle, the engine sucks in and compresses a mixture of air and gasoline, the spark ignites the instant burst of pressure pushing the piston down, this thrust is transmitted to the crankshaft to rotate and provide power to the car. The exhaust phase expels the waste gas and the cycle continues. Old cars often have problems, such as valve leakage or carbon deposits, disrupting this rhythm and causing difficulty in starting. Regular oil changes and checking the piston rings can ensure smooth operation. The core principle is the conversion of combustion energy into mechanical energy, providing speed with every rotation, but maintenance is needed to prevent unexpected stalling.
