What is the Structure of New Energy Vehicles?
2 Answers
New energy vehicles consist of three main parts: the electric drive system, the power supply system, and the auxiliary system. The principle and composition of new energy vehicles are as follows: Principle of New Energy Vehicles: New energy vehicles refer to automobiles that use unconventional vehicle fuels as power sources (or use conventional vehicle fuels with new on-board power devices), integrating advanced technologies in vehicle power control and drive systems, resulting in vehicles with advanced technical principles, new technologies, and innovative structures. Composition of New Energy Vehicles: The electric drive system includes the electronic controller, power converter, electric motor, mechanical transmission device, and wheels. The power supply system consists of the power source, energy management system, and charger. The auxiliary system includes the auxiliary power source, power steering system, navigation system, air conditioner, lighting and defrosting devices, wipers, and radio, among others.
I find the structure of new energy vehicles quite fascinating, especially the powertrain part. The core is the high-voltage battery pack, which acts like a large energy reservoir hidden under the vehicle, providing electricity to drive the motor that turns the wheels, replacing the traditional engine. The motor responds quickly, delivering smooth acceleration without vibration. The Battery Management System (BMS) monitors temperature and safety to prevent overheating and potential fires. There's also an inverter that converts the battery's DC power to AC for the motor. The cooling system uses liquid circulation to cool the battery, and in winter, the heating system draws heat from the battery. The charging port connects to an external power source for fast charging, and some vehicles even support regenerative braking, recovering energy during braking to store back in the battery. The vehicle frame is designed with lightweight materials like aluminum alloy to reduce weight and extend range. As a user, this structure makes driving quieter and more worry-free. Just remember to pay attention to battery health in daily use, avoiding frequent fast charging to prevent shortening its lifespan.
