What is the structure of an AT transmission?
1 Answers
Automatic transmissions can be divided into two types: hydraulically controlled automatic transmissions and electronically controlled hydraulically controlled automatic transmissions. The hydraulically controlled automatic transmission mainly consists of a torque converter, gear transmission mechanism, hydraulic control system, and oil cooling system. Compared to the hydraulically controlled automatic transmission, the electronically controlled hydraulically controlled automatic transmission has an additional set of electronic control systems. More details about these two types of transmissions are as follows: 1. Torque Converter The torque converter is installed between the engine and the transmission, filled with ATF hydraulic oil, and serves to transmit torque, change torque, shift gears, and act as a clutch. The front end of the torque converter is connected to the engine starter ring gear, and the output component is connected to the input shaft of the planetary gear transmission. The engine's power is transmitted through the torque converter to the planetary gear transmission, achieving a smooth connection between the engine and the transmission, thereby reducing vibration in the engine's transmission mechanism and extending the service life of both the engine and the transmission. 2. Hydraulic Control System The hydraulic control system is the most important component of a hydraulically controlled automatic transmission. During vehicle operation, it automatically controls the engagement or disengagement of the clutch and the braking or releasing of the brake based on the position of the gearshift lever, the throttle opening, and the vehicle speed, thereby changing the power transmission path and automatically shifting gears. Additionally, it supplies oil to the torque converter and lubrication lines.