What is the Structure and Composition of an Engine?

[IvanLynn]

An engine consists of seven major components, with the functions and roles of each part as follows: I. Engine Block Group 1. Composition: Cylinder head, cylinder block, and crankcase. 2. Function: Serves as the assembly base for various mechanisms and systems of the engine, acting as the framework that supports and fixes the crank-connecting rod mechanism and other devices, and together with related components of the tractor chassis, forms the tractor's frame. II. Crank-Connecting Rod Mechanism 1. Composition: Mainly includes the piston, connecting rod, crankshaft, flywheel, etc. 2. Function: The engine has four strokes: intake, compression, power, and exhaust. During the power stroke, the crank-connecting rod mechanism converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotational motion of the crankshaft, outputting power externally. In the other three strokes, due to inertia, it converts the rotational motion of the crankshaft back into the reciprocating linear motion of the piston. III. Valve Train and Intake-Exhaust System 1. Composition: Mainly includes intake valves, exhaust valves, tappets, push rods, rocker arms, camshaft, and camshaft timing gear (driven by the crankshaft timing gear). 2. Function: Ensures the timely filling of the combustible mixture into the cylinder and the timely expulsion of exhaust gases from the cylinder. IV. Fuel Supply System and Governor 1. Composition: Mainly includes the fuel tank, sediment bowl, diesel filter, fuel feed pump, fuel injection pump, and governor. 2. Function: Injects clean diesel fuel into the combustion chamber in a mist form at the right time, in the right quantity, and under the right pressure, and automatically adjusts the fuel supply based on the diesel engine's load to ensure the most economical and stable operation of the engine. V. Starting Device 1. Composition: Includes the starter motor and its clutch mechanism, flywheel ring gear, starter switch, battery, etc. 2. Function: To transition the stationary engine into an operational state, it is necessary to first rotate the engine crankshaft with an external force, initiating the piston's up-and-down motion, allowing the cylinder to intake the combustible mixture, and then proceed into the subsequent working cycles. The system that provides this external force is the starting system. VI. Cooling System 1. Composition: Includes the cooling water jackets of the cylinder block and cylinder head, water pump, thermostat, fan, radiator, water temperature gauge, etc. 2. Function: Dissipates heat from heated components into the air, delaying the reduction in strength and hardness of parts to prevent deformation and damage, maintaining appropriate clearance between matching parts, preventing lubricating oil from deteriorating due to high temperatures, and ensuring the normal operation of the diesel engine. VII. Lubrication System 1. Composition: Mainly includes the oil pump, pressure relief valve, oil filter, and oil passages. 2. Function: Supplies lubricating oil to moving parts to reduce friction between them, minimizing wear and tear on the components.