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What is the structural composition of an automatic transmission?

2 Answers

LaJoel

07/25/25 5:58am

An automatic transmission is composed of a torque converter, planetary gear transmission mechanism, hydraulic control system, and oil filtration device. An automatic transmission is a type of gear-shifting device that can automatically shift gears based on the vehicle's speed and engine RPM, as opposed to a manual transmission. It mainly includes four types: hydraulic automatic transmission, mechanical continuously variable automatic transmission, electronically controlled mechanical automatic transmission, and dual-clutch automatic transmission. Hydraulic automatic transmissions achieve automatic shifting through a combination of hydraulic transmission and planetary gears. Mechanical continuously variable automatic transmissions mostly use steel belts or chains for power transmission. Electronically controlled mechanical automatic transmissions maintain the overall mechanical transmission structure but add a microcomputer-controlled automatic operating system to achieve automated gear shifting. Dual-clutch automatic transmissions use two sets of clutches that alternately work to achieve seamless gear shifting.

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DiHaley

08/10/25 5:57pm

As an experienced auto mechanic, I believe automatic transmissions are primarily divided into four components: the torque converter, planetary gear set, hydraulic control system, and electronic control unit. The torque converter connects to the engine, cushioning impact during startup. The planetary gear set changes gears through multiple gear combinations, similar to a Rubik's Cube mechanism. The hydraulic system uses an oil pump to circulate fluid, driving clutches and brake bands. The electronic control unit monitors sensor data and adjusts shifting timing appropriately. Having repaired numerous vehicles, common issues include slow shifting due to valve body blockages. I recommend owners change transmission fluid every 50,000 kilometers to maintain system smoothness and avoid costly repairs caused by failures. Long-term neglect of maintenance leads to deteriorated hydraulic fluid, accelerating clutch plate wear and compromising driving smoothness. During daily driving, avoid aggressive throttle inputs to reduce component stress.

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