What is the reason for BMW to manufacture front-wheel drive vehicles?
3 Answers
BMW manufactures front-wheel drive vehicles for the following reasons: 1. The front-wheel drive platform can provide more space and a wider variety of models; 2. Front-wheel drive vehicles are safer. In front-wheel drive vehicles, the engine and transmission are integrated and fixed on the subframe. In the event of a collision, the powertrain is more likely to shift backward and downward. Some front-mounted engines have a significant distance from the firewall, providing more crumple zone. The larger the crumple zone, the better it can absorb collision energy and protect the occupants. In contrast, rear-wheel drive vehicles have a transmission that extends a driveshaft to connect to the rear axle differential, which is fixed on the rear subframe. In a collision, the engine of a rear-wheel drive vehicle is less likely to shift backward and downward, potentially intruding into the passenger compartment and threatening the safety of the occupants.
I think BMW builds front-wheel-drive cars mainly for space and cost considerations. Although traditional rear-wheel-drive cars have good handling, their longitudinally mounted engines take up more space, resulting in a smaller interior. Front-wheel-drive structures are simpler, with the engine mounted transversely, providing more rear passenger and trunk space, making them more practical for family use. Additionally, front-wheel-drive cars have lower manufacturing costs, fewer components, and cheaper maintenance. BMW's adoption of front-wheel-drive for models like the 1 Series and X1 SUVs caters to the average consumer. Most drivers don't prioritize high performance but rather want fuel efficiency, comfort, and affordability. Market research shows a surge in SUV and family sedan sales, and if BMW stuck solely to rear-wheel-drive, it would miss out on this huge market. Therefore, producing front-wheel-drive cars is a strategic shift to expand its customer base, moving from a niche luxury brand to a broader mass market.
As a frequent BMW driver, I can understand the introduction of front-wheel-drive models. For ordinary people, while rear-wheel drive offers exciting handling, who races every day during commutes? Front-wheel-drive cars are more fuel-efficient, have lower maintenance costs, and are easier to drive. In rainy or snowy conditions, front-wheel drive provides better traction and reduces skidding. BMW used to focus on rear-wheel drive, but now with the popularity of SUVs and electric vehicles, demands have changed. Cars like the X1, with their spacious rear seats that easily accommodate child seats, appeal to family users. Economic factors are also crucial—front-wheel drive saves materials and allows production line sharing, lowering the entry price. BMW must keep up with trends, or it risks falling behind Mercedes and Audi.
