What is the Principle of Torsion Bar Suspension?
2 Answers
Torsion bar suspension principle: The principle of the torsion bar independent suspension system lies in obtaining elastic travel through the surface deformation of tubular materials. One end of the torsion bar is engraved with splines for fixation, and the other end is connected to the balance elbow to achieve vertical displacement. The advantages of the torsion bar are its small size, large dynamic travel (especially after shot peening treatment on the torsion bar surface), and basically maintenance-free under normal conditions, but replacement is very troublesome. Related information: Torsion bar suspension and spring suspension are two completely different structures. Germany was the first country in the world to adopt torsion bar suspension, using a balanced suspension system with bridge springs as the elastic elements.
The principle of torsion bar suspension is quite simple—it's essentially a steel or metal rod connected between the vehicle frame and the suspension arm. When the wheel encounters bumps or uneven terrain, the up-and-down movement causes the rod to twist and bend, somewhat like twisting a rubber band. This twisting action absorbs shocks and impacts while relying on the rod's elasticity to return the vehicle to its original position, achieving a suspension effect similar to that of a spring. Back in my younger days, I drove many old trucks and classic cars that used this design because it was compact and lightweight, unlike the more complex coil springs. However, it's rare in modern cars nowadays, mainly because adjusting it is troublesome—you need specialized tools to twist the rod's end and modify its tension. If not adjusted properly, the vehicle may become too soft or too stiff, affecting handling. Overall, it suits simpler driving conditions but falls short of modern suspensions in terms of long-term comfort and durability.
