What is the principle of hydraulic power steering?

[GemmaMarie]

The working principle of hydraulic power steering is: 1. In the neutral position (when the steering wheel is not turned). The oil from the pump returns to the oil tank through the internal passage of the steering gear. 2. During power steering, the oil from the pump enters the cycloidal pinwheel meshing pair (metering motor) through the servo valve, pushing the rotor to follow the steering wheel's rotation. Depending on the steering angle, direction, and quantity of the steering wheel, the hydraulic oil is directed into the left or right chamber of the cylinder, pushing the guide wheel to achieve power steering. The oil from the other side of the cylinder returns to the oil tank through the servo valve. 3. Manual steering, when the engine is off, the steering wheel is manually operated to drive the rotor of the metering motor through the valve core, pull pin, and linkage shaft inside the steering gear. The metering motor then pumps hydraulic oil into the cylinder, pushing the guide wheel to achieve manual steering.

[VonKingston]

I remember the first time I drove a car with a hydraulic steering system—the effortless feeling left a deep impression. The principle is actually quite simple: when you turn the steering wheel, it mechanically moves a control valve, activating the car's hydraulic pump, which is typically driven by the engine belt. This pump draws fluid from the reservoir and sends it to the control valve. The fluid is then directed to a hydraulic cylinder, pushing a piston to amplify your steering force. The entire process relies on hydraulic pressure to assist, making it much easier to turn the front wheels, especially during parking or low-speed maneuvers. Driving a car without power steering used to be exhausting—my arms would ache. Although hydraulic systems are older technology, they are reliable and durable, but require regular checks of the hydraulic fluid to prevent leaks or aging that could cause system failure.

[WilliamLynn]

As someone who frequently commutes by car, I find the design of hydraulic power steering quite ingenious. At its core, it utilizes hydraulic principles to reduce steering effort: the driver turns the steering wheel, the action is transmitted to the directional valve, and the pump starts pressurizing the hydraulic fluid. This pressure is directed to a hydraulic actuator, which pushes and pulls the steering linkage, making the tires turn with ease. I've driven older cars where the hydraulic assist feels smooth and gentle, not as sensitive as electric power steering. Maintenance shouldn't be overlooked either—when the hydraulic fluid gets dirty or low, the system can become sluggish and even produce a whining noise. Regularly checking the fluid level and adding fresh fluid can extend its lifespan. Overall, hydraulic systems make driving more comfortable, though they're not as efficient as modern electric systems.

[AnthonyMarie]

The principle of hydraulic power steering is not complicated: it amplifies the driver's steering input using fluid power. When you turn the steering wheel, a pump is activated to draw and pressurize hydraulic fluid from a reservoir. The oil is directed by valves to hydraulic cylinders, pushing pistons that assist the steering mechanism in moving the wheels. This is much less strenuous than purely mechanical steering, making driving easier. The downside is it requires maintenance, as fluid may leak or become contaminated. For daily driving, just ensure proper oil pressure is maintained.