What is the plastic shell above the car wheel called?

[SanAnderson]

The plastic shell above the car wheel is called the fender. The fender is the body panel that covers the wheel. Based on the installation position, it is divided into the front fender and the rear fender. The front fender is installed at the front wheel and must ensure the maximum space for the front wheel's rotation and jumping. Therefore, designers use wheel jump diagrams based on the selected tire model and size to verify whether the fender's design dimensions are appropriate. The rear fender, for aerodynamic considerations, is slightly arched and protrudes outward. The function of the fender is to prevent sand, gravel, and mud stirred up by the wheels from splashing onto the bottom of the car body during driving. The fender requires materials that are resistant to climate aging and have good forming and processing properties.