What is the panel above the wheel called?

[KiraFitz]

The protective panels above the tire: the outer hard part is called the wheel arch; the inner soft part is called the inner fender liner; the entire protective panel above the tire is referred to as the mudguard. The panels above the tire serve the following main purposes: 1. Enhance the overall aesthetics of the vehicle body. 2. Utilize fluid dynamics to reduce the drag coefficient, making the car more stable while driving. 3. Prevent mud and dirt from splashing onto the vehicle body or people. 4. During driving, protect the car's paint from being splashed by gravel and mud stirred up by the wheels.