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What is the general composition of a wheeled vehicle's running system?

1 Answers

SanPaisley

07/29/25 10:28pm

The running system of a wheeled vehicle is generally composed of the frame, axle, wheels, and suspension. Below is a detailed introduction to the running system of wheeled vehicles: 1. Frame: The frame is a bridge-like structure that connects various axles and serves as the installation foundation for the entire vehicle. Its function is to mount the vehicle's assemblies and components, ensuring they maintain correct relative positions, and to withstand various static and dynamic loads from the vehicle and the ground. 2. Axle: The axle transmits forces in all directions between the frame (or the load-bearing body) and the wheels. Axles are categorized into four types: steering axle, drive axle, steering drive axle, and support axle. The steering axle allows the front wheels to pivot at certain angles for steering, while also bearing vertical loads, longitudinal and lateral forces from road conditions and braking, and the moments generated by these forces. 3. Wheels: Wheels are rotating components with tires mounted externally and axles at the center, designed to bear loads. They consist of the hub, rim, and spokes. Wheels are mainly divided into disc-type and spoke-type. Their functions include supporting the total mass of the vehicle and cargo; ensuring good adhesion between the wheels and the road surface to enhance traction, braking, and off-road capability; working with the vehicle suspension to reduce impacts during driving and mitigate resulting vibrations, ensuring a comfortable and smooth ride. 4. Suspension: The vehicle suspension refers to all power-transmitting connecting devices between the frame and the axle. It elastically connects the axle to the body, cushioning impacts from uneven road surfaces to ensure passenger comfort and cargo safety; quickly dampening vibrations caused by the elastic system; transmitting vertical, longitudinal, and lateral reaction forces and their moments; and guiding the wheels to move along a specific trajectory relative to the body.

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