What is the function of the coupler and draft gear?
3 Answers
The function of the coupler and draft gear: To mitigate the longitudinal impacts and vibrations caused by changes in locomotive traction force during operation, or collisions between vehicles during starting, braking, and shunting operations. The draft gear has the capability to dissipate impacts and vibrations between vehicles, thereby reducing damage to the vehicle structure and loaded cargo. The working principle of the draft gear involves using compressed elastic elements to cushion the impact force, while friction and damping during the deformation of the elastic elements absorb the impact energy. The coupler and draft gear is a vehicle component used to connect vehicles with each other, locomotives, or multiple units, transmitting traction force, braking force, and mitigating longitudinal impact force. It consists of the coupler, draft gear, coupler yoke, follower plate, etc., forming an integrated unit installed in the draft sill at the end of the underframe. This ensures safe and reliable vehicle coupling and interchangeability of the coupler and draft gear installation. Types of draft gears: Based on their structural characteristics and working principles, draft gears can generally be classified into: friction draft gears, rubber draft gears, and hydraulic draft gears.
I often travel with a trailer, and the role of the tow hitch damping device is to absorb the shocks during connection and driving, making the whole process smoother. For example, when hitching, without damping, the collision between the two vehicles would cause a huge jolt, potentially damaging the rear bumper or electronic wiring harness. During driving, especially on mountain roads or during sudden braking, the force from the trailer can abruptly transfer to the towing vehicle. The damping device uses springs or rubber gaskets to dissipate this energy, reducing sway and protecting the suspension system and drivetrain components. Long-term use also prevents premature wear of parts, saving money and providing peace of mind. I recommend new drivers check if the damping is effective to avoid unexpected repairs. In terms of safety, the damping design ensures the trailer stays securely attached without loosening, making the journey more stable.
As a long-haul truck driver, the core function of the coupler and draft gear is to ensure safety by preventing dangerous impacts from the trailer. During sharp turns or sudden braking, the trailer's inertia may push against the tractor, but the draft gear absorbs that force to prevent rollovers or loss of control. It also stabilizes the connection, reducing the risk of uncoupling and making the journey more reliable. In daily operations, I regularly check for aging buffers, as worn-out components can accelerate wear or increase noise. Overall, though small, this device serves as a crucial safety shield on the road.
