What is the function of an automobile engine cylinder head?
3 Answers
The function of an automobile engine cylinder head: It seals the upper part of the cylinder and forms the combustion chamber together with the piston top, while withstanding the effects of high-temperature and high-pressure gases. Below is a related introduction to the cylinder head: 1. Design requirements: It must have sufficient stiffness and strength, with minimal deformation during operation to ensure sealing. The combustion chamber, valves, and air passages should be reasonably arranged to guarantee the engine's performance. 2. Structural forms: Water-cooled engines have three structural forms for cylinder heads: integral, block, and individual. In multi-cylinder engines, if all cylinders share one cylinder head, it is called an integral cylinder head; if every two or three cylinders share one head, it is a block cylinder head; if each cylinder has its own head, it is an individual cylinder head. Air-cooled engines all use individual cylinder heads.
The cylinder head sits at the top of the engine, like a large cap covering the cylinder block. Its main task is to seal the internal space of the cylinder, preventing high-pressure gas leakage and maintaining an airtight and efficient combustion process. It also houses the intake and exhaust valves, which act like gatekeepers controlling the entry of air and fuel and the exit of exhaust gases. Additionally, it accommodates the spark plug, which ignites the mixture to start the engine. When temperatures rise, the cylinder head must dissipate heat to prevent overheating. It is typically made of aluminum alloy or cast iron, offering both pressure resistance and lightness. Problems with it can be serious—for example, if the gasket ages and leaks, the car may shake, lose power, or have difficulty starting. Once, during a long-distance drive in an old car, white smoke emerged from the engine. Upon inspection, the cylinder head was found to be deformed, leading to costly repairs. Regular maintenance of the cooling system can extend its lifespan. Smooth engine operation relies heavily on it, so negligence is not an option—especially before long trips, always check the temperature gauge to prevent unexpected issues.
Common cylinder head issues during car repairs: It sits atop the engine block, sealing the upper chamber of cylinders to ensure combustion integrity. It houses components like valves and spark plugs, controlling air intake and fuel exhaust processes. Its cooling function is vital, absorbing heat to prevent engine detonation, requiring durable heat-resistant materials. When faulty (e.g., gasket failure), symptoms include oil/coolant leaks, reduced engine power, and smoke. Simple checks: inspect for emulsified oil or low coolant levels. Gasket replacement is routine maintenance; overheating risks warping—never skip coolant changes during servicing. Monitor steady engine sounds; neglect may lead to piston damage and costly repairs. Always heed dashboard temperature warnings.
