What is the function of a three-way catalytic converter?

[JeremiahLynn]

The three-way catalytic converter can convert harmful gases such as CO, HC, and NOx emitted from vehicle exhaust into harmless carbon dioxide, water, and nitrogen through oxidation and reduction reactions. The three-way catalytic converter is the most important external purification device installed in a vehicle's exhaust system. Composition of the three-way catalytic converter: The three-way catalytic converter generally consists of four parts: the shell, vibration damping layer, substrate, and catalyst coating. The shell is made of stainless steel to prevent oxide scale from falling off, which could clog the substrate. The vibration damping layer is composed of gaskets or wire mesh pads, serving the functions of sealing, insulation, and fixing the substrate. To prevent damage to the substrate caused by factors such as vibration and thermal deformation, the gasket is made of expanded mica and aluminum silicate fibers, which are then bonded with adhesive. The substrate is made of honeycomb-shaped ceramic materials, although many are also made of metal (including stainless steel) materials. The catalyst consists of precious metals such as platinum, rhodium, and palladium, which are sprayed onto the substrate to form the purifying agent.