What is the Function of a Car Suspension?

Are 60V and 48V Motors Interchangeable?

In principle, they are not interchangeable. A 48V motor cannot be used on a 60V system as the voltage difference exceeds 20%, which poses a risk of burning out the motor. Reasons for using a 48V motor on a 60V system: A 60V electric vehicle can use a 48V motor. This is because DC motors have relatively high internal resistance, and a 48V motor typically has a withstand voltage of around 200V. However, higher voltage will theoretically reduce the motor's lifespan (specifically the coil lifespan). But there's no need to worry—motors are designed for long lifespans, often up to 15 years. Even if the lifespan is reduced by two years, it can still last for 12 years. Consider wheel diameter before replacement: Before replacing, check whether the wheel diameters of both motors are the same—16 inches or 18 inches. If they differ, don't proceed with the replacement as it won't fit. Additionally, verify whether both motors are brushed or brushless. If they are the same type, replacement is possible; otherwise, don't proceed.

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What are the effects of parking and turning off the engine in N gear?

Turning off the engine in N gear does not cause any harm to the vehicle. For the engine, when the vehicle is turned off in N gear, the engine speed drops from idle to zero, and the torque change is very minimal. The transmission exerts no counterforce on the engine, and there is no impact during the process. Therefore, turning off the engine in N gear will not damage the vehicle's engine. Precautions before turning off the engine: Not turning off the air conditioning system: Failing to turn off the multimedia system or air conditioning system before shutting down the engine. These systems will automatically turn on the next time the vehicle is started, inadvertently causing an instant high power load on the vehicle. Especially if the air conditioning is left on, prolonged use in this manner can lead to excessive wear on the battery. Not unplugging external devices: Nowadays, there are more and more external devices used in vehicles. Additional electrical devices inherently increase the burden on the battery. Some vehicle models have cigarette lighters that remain powered even when the engine is off, which can drain the battery. Prolonged use of electrical devices: Continuing to use electrical devices after turning off the engine includes various scenarios, such as using in-car electrical devices for an extended period after shutdown or forgetting to turn off the headlights. In such cases, the vehicle's `generator is not operating, and the battery is in a "dry consumption" state without being charged. This reduction in battery capacity can likely result in the vehicle failing to start, and excessive discharge can cause significant damage to the battery itself.

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How Large is the Car Starting Current?

Generally, the starting current of a sedan ranges between 100 to 300 amperes. If the engine has a larger displacement, the starting current will correspondingly increase. Principle of Starting Current: At the instant when the motor is energized and is in a stationary state, the rotor remains motionless with a speed of 0. The synchronous rotating magnetic field then cuts the rotor windings at the maximum speed, inducing the highest electromotive force in the rotor windings and generating a very large current. This current counteracts the magnetic flux of the stator field. To maintain the original magnetic flux compatible with the power supply voltage, the stator windings automatically increase the current. Since the rotor current is very large at this time, the stator current of the motor also increases significantly, reaching 5-7 times the rated current. This is the reason why the motor has a large starting current. Introduction to Starting Current: The Cold Cranking Amps (CCA) index refers to the minimum current obtainable under specific conditions at -17.8°C and -28.9°C. This index links the starting capability of the battery with important variables such as engine displacement, compression ratio, temperature, starting time, the technical state of the engine and electrical system, and the minimum operating voltage for starting and ignition.

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Will the car move if you press the accelerator while in P gear?

Pressing the accelerator while in P gear will not make the car move. P gear is the parking gear, equivalent to the brake, and the car absolutely will not move. Effects of pressing the accelerator while in P gear: The mechanical lock gear tooth can lock the transmission output, and the engine is already disconnected from the transmission, with no power transmission. Revving the engine only increases the engine speed, and the power is not transmitted to the transmission. Like neutral gear (N gear), it is just idle rotation, and the car will not move. The engine temperature will rise rapidly, and the radiator's cooling effect will become very poor without cold air intake. In severe cases, it can burn the big and small bearings under the piston and have adverse effects on the belt and gears. Principle of P gear: In P gear, there is a mechanical lock gear tooth that can lock the transmission output shaft to prevent the car from rolling. Normally, this lock gear tooth is pressed by a spring (the pressure is generally small). After engaging P gear, it is pressed between two teeth of a gear to achieve the locked state.

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How Long Until a Vehicle is Scrapped?

Non-commercial vehicles and commercial vehicles have different scrapping periods, as detailed below: Scrapping regulations for non-commercial vehicles: For household 5-seat sedans and 7-seat SUVs, as well as small and micro non-commercial vehicles, there is no usage period limit. When the normal mileage reaches 600,000 kilometers, the state will guide the scrapping process. In addition to the above vehicles, small and micro non-commercial passenger vehicles, large non-commercial sedans, and wheeled special machinery vehicles also have no usage period limit. Common scrapping regulations for commercial vehicles: Small and micro taxi passenger vehicles have a scrapping period of 8 years, medium-sized taxi passenger vehicles have a scrapping period of 10 years, and large taxi passenger vehicles have a scrapping period of 12 years. Public transport passenger vehicles have a scrapping period of 13 years, other small and micro commercial passenger vehicles have a scrapping period of 10 years, and large and medium-sized commercial passenger vehicles have a scrapping period of 15 years. Micro commercial trucks have a scrapping period of 8 years, while light and large commercial trucks have a scrapping period of 10 years. The vehicle scrapping process is as follows: The vehicle owner applying for scrapping and renewal must fill out the "Motor Vehicle Change, Transfer, Modification, Suspension, and Scrapping Approval Application Form" in duplicate and affix the owner's seal. The registration office will accept the application and issue a "Vehicle Scrapping Notice" for vehicles that have reached the scrapping period. For vehicles that have not reached the scrapping period, the motor vehicle inspection office will determine if they meet the scrapping standards and issue a "Vehicle Scrapping Notice" if applicable. The vehicle owner can choose a qualified recycling company to dismantle the vehicle with the "Notice". The recycling company will dismantle the vehicle and take photos after verifying the "Notice". The engine must be separated from the vehicle, the engine block must be broken, and the frame (chassis) must be cut. The vehicle owner must submit the "Change Form", "XX Province Vehicle Renewal Technical Appraisal Form", "Scrapped Vehicle Recycling Certificate", and photos of the dismantled vehicle to the motor vehicle inspection office for verification and signature. The license plates will be reclaimed, and the scrapping registration will be processed according to regulations after approval. Special notes: According to Article 30 of the "Motor Vehicle Registration Regulations", if the vehicle cannot be driven back to the registration location due to damage, the owner can sell the scrapped vehicle to a local motor vehicle recycling company. If a commercial vehicle is converted to a non-commercial vehicle, it must be scrapped according to the original commercial vehicle's scrapping period. According to Article 43 of the "Motor Vehicle Registration Regulations", after completing the transfer or cancellation of motor vehicle registration, the original owner can apply to the vehicle management office to use the original license plate number when registering a newly purchased motor vehicle. The application to use the original license plate number must meet the following conditions: (1) The application must be submitted within six months after the transfer or cancellation of registration; (2) The owner must have owned the original vehicle for more than three years.

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How many kilowatt-hours of electricity are consumed for one charge of a 48-volt 20-ampere battery?

48V20ah battery capacity is 960 watts. When the battery is new and in optimal condition, one charge only requires 960 watts of electricity. Considering the loss from the charger, it exactly requires 1 kilowatt-hour. 1000 watt-hours = 1 kilowatt-hour. Working principle of the battery: Car battery, also known as a storage battery, is a type of battery. Its working principle is to convert chemical energy into electrical energy. The commonly referred to battery is a lead-acid battery, which is mainly made of lead and its oxides, with sulfuric acid solution as the electrolyte. Precautions for the battery: The battery is most afraid of low temperatures. In low-temperature environments, the battery capacity is much lower than at normal temperatures. Therefore, it is necessary to inspect and maintain it promptly. In daily life, avoid parking the car in open parking lots for extended periods. If long-term parking is required, the battery should be removed and taken away to prevent freezing and damage.

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What is the Function of a Car Suspension?

Are 60V and 48V Motors Interchangeable?

What are the effects of parking and turning off the engine in N gear?

How Large is the Car Starting Current?

Will the car move if you press the accelerator while in P gear?

How Long Until a Vehicle is Scrapped?

How many kilowatt-hours of electricity are consumed for one charge of a 48-volt 20-ampere battery?

Do all four air suspensions need to be replaced if one is broken?

Do new energy vehicles require purchase tax?

Can novice drivers drive on urban expressways?

What does it mean when there are dashed lines on both sides of the dashed line on the highway?