A 1.4T engine is equivalent to a naturally aspirated engine with a displacement of 1.8-2.0L. Generally, the power output of a turbocharged engine can reach about 1.3-1.5 times that of a naturally aspirated engine with the same displacement. A 1.4T engine is essentially a 1.4L naturally aspirated engine equipped with a turbocharger, resulting in significantly enhanced power. Displacement (Swept-volume) is a specialized term in hydraulic transmission, referring to the volume of fluid intake or exhaust per stroke or cycle. The space between the top dead center and bottom dead center of the piston is called the cylinder displacement. If an engine has multiple cylinders, the sum of the working volumes of all cylinders is referred to as the engine displacement, typically measured in liters (L). Engine displacement is one of the most important structural parameters, more representative of engine size than cylinder diameter and number of cylinders. Many engine performance indicators are closely related to displacement. In China, vehicle classification is based on engine displacement. Micro cars have a displacement ≤1.0L, compact cars range from 1.0-1.6L, mid-size cars from 1.6-2.5L, large cars from 2.5-4.0L, and luxury cars have a displacement >4.0L. Engine displacement determines fuel consumption. Larger displacement engines consume more fuel but also deliver stronger power. However, if a small-displacement engine is poorly matched, it may not be more fuel-efficient than a larger-displacement engine and could even consume more fuel. Small-displacement vehicles are generally cheaper. Micro and compact cars not only have lower vehicle and vessel taxes but also significantly lower fuel consumption and maintenance costs. The "T" stands for turbocharged engine, derived from the English word "Turbo." Typically, if you see "Turbo" or "T" on the rear of a car, it indicates the vehicle is equipped with a turbocharged engine. The primary function of a turbocharger is to increase the engine's air intake, thereby boosting power and torque, making the car more powerful. Installing a turbocharger can increase an engine's maximum power by 40% or more compared to a naturally aspirated version. This means the same engine can output significantly more power after turbocharging. In terms of performance, a 1.4T engine can vary greatly in power and torque output depending on tuning. Its performance is roughly comparable to a 2.0L naturally aspirated engine, but it offers superior low-speed torque, which naturally aspirated engines cannot match. Introduction to Naturally Aspirated and Turbocharged Engines: Naturally Aspirated (abbreviated as NA) is a type of car intake system where air is drawn into the combustion chamber solely by atmospheric pressure without any supercharger. Naturally aspirated engines excel in smooth power delivery and direct throttle response, far surpassing turbocharged engines in these aspects. Turbocharging (Turbo-Boost) is a technology that uses exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine (ICE) to drive an air compressor, thereby increasing the engine's air intake. This enhances the engine's power and torque, making the vehicle more dynamic. After turbocharging, an engine's maximum power can increase by 40% or more compared to its naturally aspirated counterpart. For example, a 1.8T turbocharged engine can deliver performance similar to a 2.4L naturally aspirated engine but with fuel consumption only slightly higher than a 1.8L engine. This improves fuel economy and reduces emissions. However, turbocharging significantly increases the engine's operating pressure and temperature, which can shorten its lifespan compared to a naturally aspirated engine of the same displacement and may affect mechanical and lubrication performance. Turbocharging technology was originally developed for aircraft engines to address insufficient air intake at high altitudes. The turbocharger is the only mechanical device that can increase engine output power without altering its efficiency. A turbocharging system mainly consists of a turbine housing and a compressor. The turbine housing's intake is connected to the engine's exhaust manifold, while the exhaust outlet links to the exhaust pipe. The compressor's intake connects to the air filter pipe, and its outlet attaches to the intake manifold. The turbine and impeller are mounted inside the turbine housing and compressor, respectively, and are rigidly connected on the same shaft.
