What is the difference between longitudinally mounted and transversely mounted engines?
2 Answers
The differences between longitudinally mounted and transversely mounted engines are: 1. Different driving methods: Cars with longitudinally mounted engines are rear-wheel drive; cars with transversely mounted engines are front-wheel drive. 2. Different placement methods: The longitudinally mounted engine is placed vertically; the transversely mounted engine is placed horizontally. If the axis of the engine crankshaft is arranged in the same direction as the wheel half-shaft axis, it is a transverse arrangement; if the axis of the engine crankshaft is arranged in a cross shape with the wheel half-shaft axis, it is a longitudinal arrangement. When a car adopts a front-engine front-wheel drive layout, the engine is generally arranged transversely, which allows the gearbox and reducer to be concentrated in the engine compartment, making full use of the interior space.
Over the years of driving, I've noticed that longitudinal and transverse engine layouts most directly affect interior space. Longitudinal engines are placed front-to-back, like in many rear-wheel-drive BMWs or Audis. These engines tend to be longer, taking up more space, which makes the front end look bulkier and reduces rear seat and trunk room. The advantage is better weight distribution, making the car more stable during high-speed cornering with less tendency to skid. Transverse engines, on the other hand, are mounted side-to-side, like in front-wheel-drive family cars such as the Volkswagen Golf or Toyota Corolla. These compact engines save space, resulting in shorter front ends, more front cabin room, and easier entry/exit - ideal for stop-and-go city driving. However, transverse layouts can make steering overly sensitive, sometimes causing understeer (where the car doesn't turn as much as you steer). For daily practicality, I'd choose transverse; for driving pleasure, longitudinal. But ultimately, safety depends more on the vehicle's overall design.
