What is the difference between longitudinal and transverse engines?
2 Answers
The differences between transverse and longitudinal engine layouts: 1. Different placement directions: A transverse engine is mounted horizontally, requiring the transmission to be placed horizontally alongside it; a longitudinal engine is mounted vertically, with the transmission positioned behind the engine. 2. Different power output directions: The power transmission direction of a transverse engine is typically perpendicular to the vehicle's forward motion; the power transmission direction of a longitudinal engine is usually parallel to the vehicle's forward motion. Here are other differences: 1. Different vehicle drivetrain configurations: Transverse engines are typically used in front-engine, front-wheel-drive layouts; longitudinal engines are used in front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layouts. 2. Different suspension systems: Transverse engines usually employ MacPherson strut suspensions; longitudinal engines use multi-link or double-wishbone suspensions.
The difference between longitudinal and transverse engines is quite significant, mainly in their orientation, which directly affects how the car drives and feels. A longitudinal engine is placed front-to-back, commonly found in rear-wheel-drive cars like many sports cars. This setup delivers power directly to the rear wheels, offering more stable handling and less slippage during turns, but it takes up more space in the engine bay, potentially squeezing rear passenger room. A transverse engine is mounted side-to-side, typical for front-wheel-drive vehicles, optimizing space efficiency and allowing for a wider, more comfortable cabin—ideal for family use. However, it may understeer during turns, feeling nimble but less thrilling. Having driven both, I find longitudinal setups offer better control on slippery roads, while transverse engines are more hassle-free for daily commutes and slightly more fuel-efficient. Overall, longitudinal leans toward sporty performance, and transverse prioritizes practicality and economy—just choose based on your driving preferences.
